Travel To ShanDong #3 : Confucian Temple, Confucius Mansion (孔庙，孔府)

Hello steemfriends! Today I'd like to introduce QuFu city,it is one of the most worthwhile places you visit in ShanDong because of its long history and ancient culture. Now let's look at it.

Confucian Temple, Confucius Mansion and cemetery is located inQufu City,Shandong Province, called the "Three Kong".
It is the characterization of commemorating Confucius, respecting Confucianism culture by generations of Chinese , is known as a long history, grand scale, rich cultural relics collection, as well as the value of scientific art.

Qufu Confucian Temple is the temple of worship Confucius, was founded in 478 BC, and never give up sacrificing after more than 2400 years , is the longest time Temple, and is also one of the most famous ancient buildings.

Confucius'Cemetery houses tombs for Confucius and his descendant is used most of the time not only in the chinese but also in the world .

it used continuously more than 2400 years, Confucius's grandsons has always the hereditary title of nobility ,which lasted 2100 years. is the oldest aristocratic family, the Confucian mansion is the largest and best preserved and most the typical office buildings as one with mantion.

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Confucian Temple

DaCheng Palace is the main structure of the Confucius temple，it is splendid ,grand and magnificent.

there are the ten marble pillar on the porch ,each one is engraved two dragons playing with a pearl. It is unusual in the palace buildings to the sophisticated technology .

the pillars in the halls are phoebe zhennan. There is a pavilion named "xing tan" in front of the palace .It is the place where Confucius gave teaching.

KuiWen pavillion is named Library, is a pavillion ,specialising in the books ,writing or painting which be bestowed by the emperors. cornices and brackets,red wall and yellow tiles ,reflecting the unique typical styles of architecture arts. it is the tall building next to DaCheng Palace.

the whole buildings is the splendid and integrate collcetions of ancient architecture,carving, calligraphy and painting.
Confucian Temple and the Imperial Palace and Chengde Mountain Resort are the "three ancient buildings" of China.

There is poetry and Etiquette Hall in the Confucius temple East Road. This is the place where Kangxi Emperor specially went to QuFu to listen to KongShangRen who was a descendant of Confucious about promoting the theory of Confucious during his southern tour.

Confucius's former residence is behind the poetry hall, It is the oldest place in the Confucian Temple and slso is the place where Confucius lived.

There is a old well near it,itis said it is the Confucius's drinking water well around which carved stone .

It is interesting the two pillars are Sounding Stone beside the entrance of well,when you knock at them ,you can hear the metallic sound .

Confucius Mansion

the main entrance of Confucius Mansion

Confucius Mansion is named "YAN SHENG GONG FU ". The word "YANSHENG" is multiply and continue ,their descendants can carry on as before. It is the place where the descendants of Confucius lived,not Confucius.

Houtang building is the KongDengCheng's house.He was Confucius's seventy-seventh gerneration of grandchildren.

Their house displays their wedding supplies as well as paintings and gifts donated by friends.

The inner chamber was the bedding room of KongDeCheng and his wife's.

there is a photo with their family on the east wall.

Do you know what is the following used for？

This is called "ShiLiu".It is a kind of special sink.
In giving and receiving, man and woman must not touch in ancient times . Man outside poured the water into this sink and women inside can got water from the hole of it.

Their historical ,scientific and artistic value is embodied in the relics.

Now many precious cultural relics of past dynasties are also preserved in the Confucius Mansion.
Such as The Shang and Zhou bronzes,Yuan Ming dress,ancient calligraphy and painting,the jade and carved bamboo,porcelain enamel and other art treasures.

If you walk in the back garden,you wil see a picture on the wall .There is a river, a mountain, a road, a row of trees in the picture.but it is very strange - in 180 degrees of vision, regardless of standing in any place,you face the picture, the road in the picture is always facing you .

In the Qing dynasty,Qianlong empero's daughter married the 72 generation Duke Kong Xianpei,and they did on a large scale for the construction of the civil garden. after three major repairs, the garden has become the size of the area. Now larger than the Imperial Palace garden.

There are a variety of exotic flowers and rare herbs, such as the "Five Cypress Hug Pagoda " etc.The Five Cypress Hug Pagoda is a nealy 400 year old tree , which is in the middle of the Park of Confucius Mansion. The tree trunk is divided into five， do not know why，each one grows well. forty years ago ,there is a pagoda tree among them , form a"Five Cypress Hug Pagoda" natural wonder.
The following photo is "Five Cypress Hug Pagoda"

The Confucius mansion is like a museums containing collection of countless.

Far off to the west the sun was sinking, we ended the day's journey. Amaizing China's ancient civilization,aftertaste, but also to proceed to the next stop.
Hope you like !

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孔庙、孔府、孔林位于山东省曲阜市，合称“三孔”。
是中国历代纪念孔子，推崇儒学的表征，以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，以及科学艺术价值而著称。

孔庙是祭祀孔子的伺庙，始建于公元前478年，历经2400多年而从未放弃祭祀，是中国使用时间最长的庙宇，也是中国现存最为著名的古建筑群之一; 孔林延续使用2400多年，不仅是中国也是世界上延用时间最长的氏族墓地；孔子嫡孙保有世袭罔替的爵号，历时2100多年，是中国最古老的贵族世家，
其府第孔府是中国现存规模最大、保存最好、最为典型的官衙与宅第合一的建筑群。

孔庙：
大成殿是为孔庙主体建筑。整个大殿金碧辉煌，气势磅礴，其前廊10根大理石柱上各精雕两条戏珠的飞龙，工艺绝妙，实为宫殿建筑中罕见，
殿内廊住皆楠木，都彩绘团龙错金。殿前有一名为“杏檀”的亭子，是孔子晚年讲学的地方。

奎文阁又名藏书楼，是一座专门收藏历代帝王御赐书籍、墨迹的楼阁。它三重飞檐、四层斗拱，丹墙黄瓦，具有独特的建筑艺术风格，
是一座仅次于大成殿的高大建筑。整个建筑群规模宏大、布局严整，集我国古代建筑、雕刻、书法、绘画之大成。孔庙与北京故宫和河北承德避暑山庄并称中国三大古建筑群。

孔庙东路有诗礼堂，是当年康熙帝南巡专程赴曲阜谒孔时特意在此聆听孔子后裔孔尚任弘扬孔子学说的场所。

孔子故宅在诗礼堂之后，这里是孔庙中最古老的地方，也是当年孔子居住之处。
旁有古井一口，据传系孔子的饮水井，井台四周有雕花石栏。有趣的是井栏出入口的两根石柱，竟是响石，击之有金属之声。

在古代社会，男女授受不亲。所以这个水池就是外面的人（男人）把水倒进水池里，里面的人（女人）通过这个水池的小孔来接水

后唐楼是孔子第77代孙孔德成的住宅。堂中陈列着孔结婚时的用品，以及当时友人赠送的字画和礼品。
里套间是孔德成和夫人孙琪芳的卧室。东墙上的镜框内镶有孔德成夫妇及儿女的合照。

后花园：
最后一进是花园，园内假山、鱼池、花坞、竹林以及各种花卉盆景等一应俱全。尤为难得的是一“五柏抱槐”奇树，一棵古老的近400年柏树派生出5个分支，内中包含一株槐树，为世所罕见。
圣人府第多奇巧，其后花园西迎壁墙上有一幅画，据说只是出于一位很普通有匠人之手，画面上也只是一条河、一座山、一条路、一排树，可很有奇特效果——在180度的视野内，无论站在什么地方，面对那幅画，那画上有路一直是真对着你的。
孔庙、孔林、孔府的历史、科学、艺术价值集中体现在它所保存的文物上。
孔府现在还保存着不少历代珍贵文物，如商周铜器、元明衣冠、古代书画、名人墨迹以及竹雕玉琢、瓷器珐琅等艺术珍品。
整个孔府宛如一座珍藏无数的博物馆。

夕阳西下，我们结束了一天的旅程。感叹中国的古老文明，回味之余，又要出发进行下一站了。
我们下一站见！

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