'Acclimatization’, we often hear this word in the field of high altitude mountaineering or trekking but what does it actually mean and why is it so important? In one sentence, acclimatization is a natural process of adapting to a new environment or conditions. We need to understand what acclimatization means in the field of mountaineering and trekking.
As we gain altitude, there is a drop in the air pressure and oxygen level in the atmosphere. Above 10,000 feet, that is 3000 meter above sea level, our body starts to feel the effects of it. That’s when our body starts the process we call acclimatization. Oxygen is carried in our body through the Red Blood Cells. As we go higher, the amount of oxygen entering the body decreases hence the Red Blood Cells starts to multiply in an attempt to carry more oxygen to the vital organs of our body. This process is called acclimatization. As simple as that.
There are a few things that we can do on our part so that our body goes through this process smoothly. For example, consider flying from sea level to a place like Leh in Ladakh which is situated at 11,500 feet AMSL. Even for the fittest of mountaineers, this sudden elevation gain is a lot. There are a few simple rules to follow for acclimatization, the most important one being.
- Drink as much fluids as possible like water, tea, coffee, juices etc.
- NO smoking and alcohol consumption for the first 3 to 4 days at least.
- Upon arrival to a place like Leh, rest on the first day and try to move around second day onwards. This helps a great deal in acclimatization.
- Gradual ascending is very important. In a day, one must not gain more than 1000 feet of altitude.
- Follow the ‘Work high, sleep low’ principle.
- Do not over-exert yourself.
- Do not sleep during the day. Get a good night sleep in the night.
- Carry preventive medications.
Follow these rules and you will be fine! If the body does not acclimatize well, one could succumb to Acute Mountain Sickness. A detailed blog on Acute Mountain Sickness and how to prevent it coming up tomorrow! Cheers!