The Influence of Short Circuiting Problems on Vacum Circuit Breaker Performance

Details

*Formulation of the problem
The scope of the discussion conducted is the ability of the breaker type of Vacuum Circuit Breaker (VCB) on the main generator 15 MW.
*Scope of problem
A discussion of the theoretical short circuit current values
Vacum circuit breaker that will be explained more about the parts of the Circuit breaker .
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Components

• Circuit Breaker

1. Air Circuit Breaker
2. Oil Circuit Breaker
3. Water Blast Circuit Breaker
4. SF6 Circuit Breaker
5. Vacum Circuit Breaker

Benefits / Improvements

Circuit Breaker
Types of PMT based on insulator media and dialectic material, are divided into five types, namely: CB water, CB water blast, CB oil, SF 6 CB, Vacum CB.

1. Air Circuit Breaker
   This power breaker uses the simplest method of extinguishing the arc, by extending the trajectory of the fire arc. Fire arc extension can be done in several ways, such as by using hammer contact. When the contact is separated, the arc forms at the bottom of the contact. The heat generated by the fire arc makes the temperature higher than the temperature at the top, resulting in airflow from bottom to top. Long arcs are very easily extinguished by the convection currents of the air, so the fire arc is extinguished before it reaches the end of the horn. Such power breakers are used for low voltage AC and DC circuits and breaker currents up to hundreds of amperes.
2. Oil Circuit Breaker
   This PMT switch can be used to break the current up to 10 kA and on the circuit voltage up to 500 kV. When the contact is separated, a fire arc will occur in the oil, so that the oil evaporates and causes bubbles of gas covering the arc, due to heat arc, oil decomposes and produces hydrogen gas which inhibits the production of ion pairs. Therefore, the arc ignition depends on elongation and cooling of the arc and also depends on the type of gas Oil Decomposition results.
   The oil PMT switch is divided into 2 types, namely:

• PMT switch with lots of oil (Bulk Oil Circuit Breaker)
• PMT switch with little use of oil (Low Oil Content Circuit Breaker).
  The problem with the oil breaker is that the oil itself is flammable, if the breaker condition is not good and the power occurs at a very large level, the breaker can explode, if the burning oil will spray in all directions and cause a fire.

1. Water Blast Circuit Breaker
   This PMT switch can be used to break the current up to 40 kA and on the circuit voltage up to 765 kV. The air tube PMT is designed to overcome the weakness of the oil PMT, ie by making contact isolator media of non combustible material and not blocking contact separation, so that the separation of contact can be done in a very fast time. At this voltage breaker also high pressure air is blown at Supersonic speed across the arc, this pressurized air is stored in a tank and filled with a compressor. Large pressurized air breakers may open. Noise that occurs at the time of release of air is so loud that it is more like a powerful explosion.

2. SF6 Circuit Breaker
   This PMT switch to break the current up to 40 kA and on the circuit voltage up to 765 kV, PMT used with SF6 (Sulfur hexafluoride) gas media. The nature of SF6 pure gas is colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-flammable. At temperatures above 1500 C, SF6 gas has non-destructive properties of metals, plastics and a variety of materials commonly used in high voltage breakers. SFT PMT Switches are 2 types, they are:

3. PMT Single Pressure Type (Single Pressure Type)

4. PMT Double Pressure Type (Double Pressure Type)

5. Vacum Circuit Breaker
   This PMT switch can be used to disconnect the series voltage up to 38 kV. In the vacuum PMT, the contact is placed in a vacuum chamber. To prevent air from entering into the chamber, the chamber must be sealed and the mobile contacts secured tightly with metal seals.
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Links

https://www.elprocus.com/vacuum-circuit-breaker-working-applications/

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