Nisbah lafadz bagi makna (Mantiq)

in writing •  7 years ago 

image

Menghubungkan beberapa lafadz dengan makna-makna yang dimiliki ada 5 macam. Yaitu, tawathu’, tasyakuk, takhaluf, isytirak, dan taraduf.

**1. Nisbah lafadz Tawathu’ ** yaitu hubungan antara lafadz dengan maknanya terdapat kesamaan. Seperti manusia dengan saudara ayub, Zaid dengan makkub.

2. Nisbah lafadz Tasyakuk yaitu hubungan lafadz dengan maknanya terdapat perbedaan lebih kurang. Seperti “cahaya” pada matahari dan cahaya pada bulan. Putih baju dengan putih gigi.

3. Nisbah lafadz Takhaluf, yaitu hubungan lafadz dengan maknanya menyalahi/berbeda. Seperti “manusia dan kuda”.

4. Nisbah Isytirak, yaitu hubungan antara satu lafadz dengan banyak makna . Seperti lafadz “mata” yang berarti bisa matahari, mata orang dan mata air.

5. Nisbah Taraduf, yaitu banyak lafadz tetapi maknanya satu. Seperti, lafadz“orang” dan “manusia” yang berarti satu.

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