Ancient Pharaonic Egypt

In Egypt, a great Pharaonic civilization dominated the ancient world, and the ancient Pharaohs took care of the architectural heritage, because it represents a powerful element of the state, along with religious reasons. Therefore, the Egyptian civilization is one of the most impressive civilizations that exist to this day, Egyptian civilization and culture, and we will discuss in this article three of them. The most important traces of Pharaonic Egypt Abu Simbel Abu Simbel is a site containing two large temples carved in rock, located in the mountain belly in the south of Aswan city, built by King Ramses in 1250 BC. This temple is characterized by a facade of four large statues, the statues of the king is twenty Meters, and there are six statues inside the temple; four of them are attributed to King Ramses, and the other two statues of his wife Nefertari. Pyramids of Giza The pyramids of Giza are among the most famous and famous pyramids of Egypt: Khufu, Khafra, and Menqra. It was built during the reign of the empire about 2550-2480 BC. These are royal tombs built in pyramid form. Each pyramid bears the name of the king who was buried there. The pyramids of Saqqara, located northwest of the ancient Pharaonic city of Memphis in Giza governorate, were built by the Minister of Pharaoh Zoser, named Imhotep. The first was a small pit as a cemetery, then turned into an underground chamber and then expanded to become hierarchically six terraces, but the precise and ideal pyramidal structure known to the three pyramids was reached by architect Himeono, the architect of King Khufu, where Khufu built the largest pyramids After that the construction of the pyramids Khafre and Mnkora or Mnqra. The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx is considered to be one of the most important pharaonic monuments of Pharaonic origin. It is a rock statue of a mythical creature with a human head wearing a pharaoh's dress with a lion's body. It is also believed to have been coated with a layer of plaster and also colored. One of the ears of the statue, and the statue is located on the Giza plateau near the Nile River on the West Bank, where the three pyramids of Giza and a length of about 73.5 m, and the highest height of twenty meters from the surface of the earth to the top of his head. Opinions vary today as to what the statue is and what it represents. There are those who are likely to return to King Khafra, who combines the power of al-Assad on the one hand and human wisdom on the other, and another view that it is King Khufu who built it because of the resemblance to the Sphinx. There are those who say that it represents the sun god called Hor-im-Akht, which means Horus on the horizon, representing the image of the god Atom, the sun at sunset, in the presence of the temple corresponding to this statue, which was dedicated to the religious rituals of the sun god, The question of the builder of the statue is an issue that has not yet been settled, and the search for it continues.