Hurricane
Hurricanes bring destructive winds, torrential rains, floods and tornadoes. A single storm can wreak havoc on coastal and inland populations and in natural spaces in hundreds of square kilometers
What is a hurricane?
It is one of the most devastating meteorological phenomena that can overcome large territories and territories reaching speeds that can exceed 250 km / h. The causes of hurricanes are very varied and of different origin.
What influences hurricanes?
There are numerous factors that influence the appearance of hurricanes, from meteorological phenomena, through the regions in which they originate, to the very structure of the hurricane
How many names does it have?
have several names according to the area or region in which they occur. This is called tropical cyclone in the Caribbean, typhoon in the Indian Ocean and the Sea of Japan, baguío in the Philippines and willy-willy in Australia.
It can also receive different names depending on the speed at which it occurs:
• Tropical Depression: are winds whose maximum speed is a sea level less than or equal to 62 km / h.
• Tropical tropical cyclone with a hot core, whose wind reaches a sea level between 63 and 117 km / h.
• Hurricane: hot-core tropical cyclone whose average speed at sea level can be 118 km / h or higher, depending on the category of the hurricane.
Storms that form north of the equator spin counterclockwise. Storms south of the equator spin clockwise. This difference is because of Earth's rotation on its axis.
As the storm system rotates faster and faster, an eye forms in the center. It is very calm and clear in the eye, with very low air pressure. Higher pressure air from above flows down into the eye.
Tropical cyclone cross-section
If you could slice into a tropical cyclone, it would look something like this. The small red arrows show warm, moist air rising from the ocean's surface, and forming clouds in bands around the eye. The blue arrows show how cool, dry air sinks in the eye and between the bands of clouds. The large red arrows show the rotation of the rising bands of clouds.
When the winds in the rotating storm reach 39 mph, the storm is called a "tropical storm." And when the wind speeds reach 74 mph, the storm is officially a "tropical cyclone," or hurricane.
Tropical cyclones usually weaken when they hit land, because they are no longer being "fed" by the energy from the warm ocean waters. However, they often move far inland, dumping many inches of rain and causing lots of wind damage before they die out completely.
Tropical cyclone categories:
Category Wind Speed (mph) Damage at Landfall Storm Surge (feet)
1 74-95 Minimal 4-5
2 96-110 Moderate 6-8
3 111-129 Extensive 9-12
4 130-156 Extreme 13-18
5 157 or higher Catastrophic 19+
The two GOES satellites keep their eyes on hurricanes from far above Earth's surface—22,300 miles above, to be exact! (Learn more about this kind of orbit.)
These satellites, built by NASA and operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), save lives by helping weather forecasters predict and warn people where and when these severe storms will hit land.
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