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The quantum computing industry is poised for a major leap forward in the second half of this year. The first generation of commercial quantum computers is being deployed by leading companies. These first-generation quantum computers can solve certain problems that classical computers can’t. But they are limited by the number of qubits they have. Most quantum computing research centers have embraced the second generation of quantum computers, which has a greater number of qubits. But the third generation has yet to be commercialized. This is where quantum computing makes the quantum leap. The third generation of quantum computers has an exponential increase in the number of qubits. Once these computers are commercialized, they will enable supercomputers that can tackle complex problems exponentially faster than the second generation. If you’re ready to take your career to the next level, you’ll need to join the quantum revolution. Keep reading to learn more about the field, the roles available, and salary information.
How Quantum Cryptography Works
Quantum cryptography, or quantum key distribution (QKD), uses a series of photons (light particles) to transmit data from one location to another over a fiber optic cable. By comparing measurements of the properties of a fraction of these photons, the two endpoints can determine what the key is and if it is safe to use.
Breaking the process down further helps to explain it better.
The sender transmits photons through a filter (or polarizer) which randomly gives them one of four possible polarizations and bit designations: Vertical (One bit), Horizontal (Zero bit), 45 degree right (One bit), or 45 degree left (Zero bit).
The photons travel to a receiver, which uses two beam splitters (horizontal/vertical and diagonal) to “read” the polarization of each photon. The receiver does not know which beam splitter to use for each photon and has to guess which one to use.
Once the stream of photons has been sent, the receiver tells the sender which beam splitter was used for each of the photons in the sequence they were sent, and the sender compares that information with the sequence of polarizers used to send the key. The photons that were read using the wrong beam splitter are discarded, and the resulting sequence of bits becomes the key.
If the photon is read or copied in any way by an eavesdropper, the photon’s state will change. The change will be detected by the endpoints. In other words, this means you cannot read the photon and forward it on or make a copy of it without being detected.
To know more about crypto quantam: https://bit.ly/3rDLthd
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