1: hard fork
2: soft fork
what does the meaning of fork, when blockchain divide into 2 paths or change protocol or two or more block have the same hight, at that time fork occur
basically in order to add new features into the blockchain or hacking effects or fixed the bugs.
hard fork:-
hard fork is a permanent divergence from the previous version of blockchain and previous nodes will no longer be accepted by the new version. or in another word a single cryptocurrency spilt into two paths one follow the new and upgrade blockchain and other one is continuously work with old protocol but after a short time of period that blockchain is outdated after quilt upgrade to new version.
soft fork :-
soft fork is changed into software protocol when the previous block is invalid and after that new one version will recognise valid, but old block also will accepted by miners, in other way, softfrok don't require any nodes to maintain conscious upgraded block with new softfork also follow old protocol, so that older client accept them.
why does fork take place?
Difficulty adjustment periods should overlap
Better privacy using proposed
upgraded source code
etc.