The Indian game of Pachisi is now considered India's national game and is still played today, and some versions of it are played in the West as the game ludo. This figure, which is shown in an 18th century Mughal painting, shows a game closely related to the Pchisi, which uses the same cruciform board. It is believed to have been developed in India around the time of Emperor Akbar's reign (14th century BC), and a version of it is believed to have been played with Western games such as Ludo during his reign (16th and 17th century BC).
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The game was played by moving counters (marbles or seeds) into a pit on the board, capturing the opponent's pieces and moving them across the board to win a game. The players of the Pachisi chaupar moved their figures in the form of six or seven cowrie shells around the boards, which could fall up or down. Today spices are often used, but in antiquity they were often mixed with cowrie shells.
Chaturanga is a variant of the Persian game shatranj, which became chess in the West, but not in India. What could be a proto-chessboard found in the Indus Valley region, dated more than 3,000 years ago, was invented by a group of scientists from the University of California, San Diego's School of Oriental and African Studies.
The chaturanga pieces include a general, an elephant and a chariot, which are supposed to correspond to the corresponding generals, elephants and chariots. Although chess is an ancient game, it is relatively young compared to the other board games on this list.
Although the exact origin of chess is unknown, most historians agree that it originated in China. Some historians believe the game originated in the ancient city - states such as China, India, Japan, South Korea and South Africa.
The earliest form of the game in India was called Chaturanga, which contained a chessboard and a number of different pieces such as chess pieces. Chess is believed to have been introduced to Europe from the Middle East in the 10th century. As chess spread around the world, the rules of chess evolved over time, and eventually pieces developed. Modern rules for this game were established in Europe in the 15th century, but not until the late 16th and early 17th centuries.
Several archaeological finds prove the popularity of the game in medieval Europe, including a chessboard found in the ancient city of Baku, Azerbaijan, near the coast of the Persian Gulf. The piece is said to represent a chess game, which was known at the time under its Persian name shatranj.
In 2013, after its discovery in southeastern Turkey, an elaborately designed set of stones was created, which is considered to be the oldest pieces in the world. It was carved with antlers in the Arabic style, according to archaeologists, and probably made somewhere in Europe.
Senet is one of the earliest known board games, and there are many other examples of its use in antiquity. Backgammon, Nine Men, Morris and Mancala all date back to the same time, about 2,000 years ago.
Archaeological and artistic evidence suggests that they were played when Egypt's first dynasty was just beginning to rule. Historians were able to reconstruct the dates of the earliest board games in Egypt and Babylon on the basis of partial wedge tablets from Babylon dating from 177 - 176 BC.
The games were played in the Middle East and North Africa during the reign of the Pharaohs of Egypt and Babylon. Modern versions of these games have been released in many different formats, including board, card and even video games.
Mehen is a board game from ancient Egypt and is considered one of the most popular board games of its time. Mehen game boards were found between 2770 and 2650 BC, and the game board, which resembles the Queen with slight variations, was dated to this time to the Carboniferous period. The evidence for this game dates back 2000 years, during the reign of Pharaoh Khufu, the first king of Egypt.
The first World Cup of the International Draft began in 1885 and took place in France, but the game developed as it was introduced in other countries. The game is still popular worldwide and the most popular form of checkers today is the modern version of it, the chessboard game with its many variations.
The rules changed when the game was played in different countries, but Checkers, also known as Draghts, is the oldest board game in the world still played today. The board is found in burials of the first dynasty dating back to 3500 BC, and the tabula is said to be the first game of the Byzantine Empire of Greece dating back to 480 AD. Ancient Egypt played the oldest board games such as chess, chess board and checkers.