When a patient becomes sick enough to visit the emergency department, many times he or she has had an acute nutritional deficit that actually has made the situation worse. In addition to being severely malnourished, the patient could be having hypotension, septic shock, acute kidney failure or metabolic encephalopathy. Severe malnutrition is one the diagnoses that most commonly is not included in the documentation of the patients' conditions. On top of the fact that there has been a nutritional deficit, an additional criteria is required for the diagnosis of malnutrition (in all its degrees of severity). Edema, loss of muscle strengthweight loss, loss of muscle or adipose tissue or weakness could be used.
Marco A. Ramos MD, CCDS