Diarrhea and Treatment
Under normal circumstances, the amount of stool the child issued on a daily basis varies depending on the type of food eaten and the child's age.
The child is said to have diarrhea if the stools that come out contain more water so that the shape is more soft or thin than usual and defecate 3 times or more in a day.
Dysentery is diarrhea with stool containing mucus or blood, often accompanied by fever and heartburn.
DIARRHEA CAUSES
Infection in the gut by virus (commonly occurs in children under five).
Intestinal infections by bacteria / germs, eg cholera and dysentery
Most diarrhea in children is caused by a virus, which will heal itself without the need to be given antibiotics.
The use of drugs, such as antibiotics are not wise to disrupt the balance of bacteria in the intestine.
Digestive disorders or food poisoning.
Allergies of certain foods, such as formula or cow's milk allergy. Diarrhea most commonly affects children aged 6 months - 2 years or in infants under 6 months who drink cow's milk or formula.
CHOLERA
Cholera is a severe diarrhea disease, caused by the bacterium vibrio cholerae.
Incubation period: 1 - 3 days, can range from several hours to 5 days.
Symptoms usually end in 2 -3 days, in some people may continue for up to 5 days.
Most patients can transmit the disease (infectious) since infection until a few days after recovering.
Principles of handling cholera and other diarrhea diseases
The goal of diarrhea treatment is to replace fluid and electrolytes lost through the bowel and vomiting.
All diarrhea sufferers should be replaced by oral fluids. If severe dehydration, fluids are needed through the infusion.
80 - 90% of diarrhea sufferers can be re-hydrated only by administering oral fluids.
Administration of antibiotics for cholera sufferers will shorten the period of illness and infectious period.
Symptoms and signs of Cholera's disease
People infected with vibrio cholera:
About 75% showed no symptoms at all.
20% suffer from diarrhea whose symptoms are indistinguishable from diarrhea caused by other germs.
Approximately 2 -5% develops into severe diarrhea, characterized by:
Defecate liquid "like water of rice laundry" in large quantities. Feces are usually odorless or slightly fishy.
Throws up;
Cramps and leg pain
Under severe conditions, the sufferer may suffer cramping of the abdomen, and arms.
Transmission of CHOLERA
Cholera transmission generally occurs through water or food contaminated by stools containing cholera bacteria. Transmission through people's contacts is very rare.
-Cholera bacteria can live for years in the water. Humid and warm places are excellent environments for the growth of cholera bacteria.
An area suspected of Cholera outbreak if:
- in non-endemic areas found some people aged ≥ 5 years have severe dehydration or died of acute diarrhea;
- in cholera endemic areas or outbreak areas found some people aged ≥ 5 years suffering from acute diarrhea.
Why is diarrhea dangerous?
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 | Diarrhea, especially accompanied by vomiting, will make people lose a lot of fluids, causing death.Patients with severe cholera will lose 10% of fluid from Body weight. In extreme cases, fluid loss can reach 1 liter / hour within the first 24 hours |
 | Diarrhea will cause the child to become malnourished and will worsen the condition of children who already suffer from malnutrition.The child becomes weak, stupid and sickly, eventually dead. |
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