Photo: Jean Demmeni/Universiteit Leiden
One of the most important infrastructures for regional growth is transportation. Without adequate transportation there will be no exchange of goods and services between regions, which means that trade and the economy stagnate.
The photo above is the Anai Valley railway tunnel in West Sumatra circa 1911. This tunnel is the oldest railway tunnel in Indonesia which was built in 1890. Railway infrastructure was built in the area to transport plantation and mining products from the hinterland to the port.
This photo was taken by Jean Demmeni, a photographer of French-Madurese descent living in West Sumatra, and the archive is kept by Leiden University in the Netherlands.