Plant Nutrition

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What are macronutrients and micronutrients in plant nutrition?

Macronutrients are nutrients that people regularly require in large quantities to provide their bodies with energy to perform bodily functions and daily activities. They are essential nutrients the body needs in large quantities to remain healthy. Macronutrients provide the body with energy, help prevent disease, and allow the body to function correctly. Most often, macronutrients simply refer to proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, but some people may also include other nutrients that people require in large amounts, such as water. We generally get our micronutrients along with macronutrients. The balance of food groups you consume is important, as it affects how satisfied you feel with your meals and whether you are getting all the nutrients you need.

Micronutrients in plant nutrition

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Micronutrients are essential plant nutrients that play an imperative role in plant growth and development. They include boron, chlorine, manganese, iron, zinc, copper, and molybdenum. Chlorine is an important micronutrient because it works with potassium to regulate water in the plant and it also plays a role in photosynthesis. Micronutrients are important for plant growth, as plants require a proper balance of all the essential nutrients for normal growth and optimum yield.

Describe how nutrient deficiencies affect crop yield.

All nutrients in a plant profile, be it a primary, secondary, or micronutrient, hold a key role in the plant’s growth and overall potential. To get the most from a crop it is essential to have a correct balance of nutrients working within the plant. Deficiencies of any one nutrient can cause a loss of yield in multiple ways. Some of the most obvious symptoms of a lack of nutrient availability are leaf discolorations, stunted plant growth, and reduced yields. Some deficiencies, such as manganese symptoms occur in new leaves first, while a nutrient like potassium will show as burning in older leaves. For the best crop yields, producers need to be able to recognize the signs of nutrient deficiencies in their fields.

How does nitrogen contribute to plant growth?

Nitrogen plays an important role within the plant to ensure energy is available when and where the plant needs it to optimize yield. It forms the building blocks of plant proteins and enzymes and enables the plant to capture sunlight energy by photosynthesis, driving plant growth and grain yield. Healthy plants often contain 3 to 4 percent nitrogen in their above-ground tissues.
• Nitrogen is required for cell division, expansion and growth of plants.

• It encourages vegetative growth and gives the leaves a dark green hue.

• It boosts the quality of fodder, leafy greens, and food crops, among other things.

Plants with sufficient nitrogen will experience high rates of photosynthesis and typically exhibit vigorous plant growth and development.

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