"Basic Knowledge of Agriculture
@rajithpriyasad"

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Hi Friends,

"Basic Knowledge of Agriculture"

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Agriculture has a history of more than four thousand years, and after looking at the Soban projects, it is one of the most important activities that serve as the main source of food and income for mankind. Agriculture can be defined as the methods of producing food, offal, by-products and other goods using plants and livestock. In this article, let's do an extensive analysis of some basic concepts of agriculture, its importance, the uniqueness of Sri Lanka and its sustainability.

Photosynthesis and its Importance

Photosynthesis is an essential process that plants use to make their food, where they use light energy. Especially sunlight is the main source for this process. Photosynthesis occurs through the special substance called chlorophyll found in plant leaves. Chlorophyll captures light and combines it with carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) to produce the plant food called glucose (C6H12O6). By this process, glucose, the main alternative food of the mature plant, is created and is emitted back as a waste system as oxygen (O₂).

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This process is very important in agriculture. Plant growth and maintenance of a commercial crop through spontaneous fertilization are closely related to photosynthesis. That is, by allowing photosynthesis to occur, plant nutrition, water use and nutrient uptake are ensured.

For farmers, photosynthesis is essential for providing nutrition to commercial crops. For example, the leaves are strengthened, the growth functions of the crop are improved, and the production efficiency of the crop is increased due to successful photosynthesis.

Through this, farmers need to be aware of the effective methods of increasing plant growth, focusing on sustainable business in the agricultural sector.

Major essential nutrients required by plants

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The three main types of nutrients required for plant growth are nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and phosphorus (P).

Nitrogen (N):
Important to strengthen the parts of the leaves and increase leaf strength. Accordingly, the process of photosynthesis is carried out on a large scale possible by nitrogen.

Potassium (K):
Potassium is involved in increasing plant isolation, water release, and maintaining plant health. It has a great effect on the growth of plants, fruits and flowers.

Phosphorus (P):
Essential for plant root growth, strengthening of plant micro-systems and growth of plant crops and fruits.

Mixed farming and crop rotation

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Mixed farming is a method of growing many types of crops simultaneously in the same area of ​​land. This is a process that is both ecological in nature and farm-specific and beneficial. In mixed farming, planting different types of plants on the same plot of land can greatly increase the income per acre or the production efficiency of a plot of land.

One of the main advantages of mixed farming is long-term income generation. In addition, the presence of two or more types of plants as a more important advantage may coordinate the reduction of agricultural levels and the reduction of self-sufficiency in the interior.

Processes are used to improve food security and variety of products by changing the rest, growing season, dry season, and crop type. Thus, many animals or plants in an agrosystem can find different sources of nutrients.

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Crop rotation is a method of growing different types of crops on the same land. This method is transferred from one type to another every 1-2 years. Crop rotation helps maintain soil immunity, prevent nutrient depletion, and block pest and fungal infestations.

The techniques used in crop rotation should be recognized not only for the variety but also for developing the health and ecosystem relationships of the variety. Also, disasters help to drive sales and maintain sales.

Both systems play a major role in agriculture, which coordinates food production, nutrition, and environmental protection.

Roles of Agriculture in Sri Lanka

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Sri Lanka has become a major economic centre based on farm management and crop production. Here are three basic roles of agriculture.

Food Security:
Most families in Sri Lanka depend on agriculture for their food needs. Vegetables and fruits produced by many farms are the main sources of food for the nation.

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Service Employment:
Agriculture has been a major employment activity in Sri Lanka. Employment of farmers and people associated with agriculture plays a major role in this sector.

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Product Export Industry:
Sri Lanka's product export crops such as tea, rubber, and copra earn a large income, and foreign exchange contributes to the country's economy.

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Sustainability and Future of Agriculture

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The agriculture sector is developing day by day with the development of organic and organic farming methods, focusing on sustainable systems.

Summary

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Agriculture is an important sector of human life and economy, and it supports plant growth and food production through photosynthesis. As well as the key nutrients required by plants, mixed farming systems and crop rotation systems ensure sustainability in agriculture. Agriculture in Sri Lanka contributes greatly to the country's economy through food security, employment, and export channels, and it is our challenge to develop sustainable agricultural systems in the future.

As the sustainability of agriculture and its value continue to affect our daily lives, it is clear that reforming policies and practices in this area is even more important.

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