SEC | S20W2: How to cultivate a paddy.

Hello friends how are you all? I hope everyone is well by God's grace. I am also very well by the grace of Allah. Today I am here with a contest entry post. The contests held during the second week of the Steem Engagement Challenge Season 20 are excellent. I am ready to participate in the contest published by mainuna. It is a very nice competition that will teach me about rice cultivation and its conservation methods. Let's get started. I will complete the entry by providing an explanation of the questions mentioned in the competition.

What is the method of rice seedbed preparation and what steps are taken in preparing the soil for rice cultivation

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I am a village boy so I have proper knowledge about paddy cultivation and maintenance. Today I will discuss with you about seedbed for rice cultivation and its cultivation. I would first like to tell about the method of making paddy seedbeds.

First we have to select the soil to make the seed bed. Care should be taken while selecting the soil that it should be loamy soil. I think rice seed bed will be better in loamy soil. But it should be noted that first the soil should be loosened to select the seed bed. The soil should be loosened in such a way that, As if the soil were muddy. Because the seed bed of rice in muddy soil is very good in the beginning. The seeds germinate very well and the roots are easy to establish in the soil. So the soil should be muddy.

After the soil is prepared, the germinated rice seeds should be sprinkled in it. The rice seeds must be soaked in water for two to three days before sowing. White sprouts will emerge from the seeds. After that they should be sprinkled and seed beds should be made. After making a seedbed like this, it will be possible to produce rice plants by regular irrigation.

Soil preparation methods for rice cultivation.

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I will discuss below the steps of soil preparation for paddy cultivation. I will be happy to present it to you in a consistent manner. See below points.

• First, the weeds on the ground should be cleaned. After clearing the weeds in the land, it is better if the land is dried for a week. Anyway, after the process of drying the land, let's follow the next point.

• Then the land should be plowed. A power tiller can be one of the tools for plowing. Although I have observed small time grazing by cows. So I choose power tiller to till the soil better.

• The land should be plowed in such a way that the soil is broken into small pieces. A good practice is to plow at least half a hand deep.

• After plowing, the soil should be dried for at least ten to fifteen days. When the soil is dry, it should be watered. Just watering dry soil will make the soil very soft and muddy.

• To make the muddy soil better it should be watered thoroughly. The soil should be turned into good and lump-free mud by halchas with water.

Selection of good soil for paddy cultivation will be possible by following the mentioned points. I think the mentioned points will increase the yield of a farmer.

What is the importance of planting rice seeds at the right time?

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Anything is best done at the right time. So there is a good time for paddy cultivation which will give you better yield. One thing to note is that it is better to cultivate the crop during the seasonal moment. So there is a suitable time for paddy cultivation too. I would like to choose a good time for Iri paddy cultivation. In my country Iri is seen as one of the most important time of paddy cultivation from February to March. And during this period, Iri paddy cultivation gives more yield than other times. The reason behind getting high yield is proper timing of cultivation.

The time for paddy cultivation is mainly at the end of the Bengali Magh month. That is, when winter comes to an end, Iri rice cultivation begins. Besides, there are different types of rice, considering the variety of rice, the best time to cultivate them should be determined. To get a good yield you must cultivate paddy at the right time. Otherwise your yield will be disrupted and your chances of losses are high. So it is better to cultivate paddy at the right time.

How is regular irrigation and fertilizer applied after sowing rice seeds?

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After planting rice seeds must be irrigated. I would say that irrigation is the mainstay of paddy cultivation. So if we grow paddy we must provide regular irrigation. If irrigation is not given, the seed bed of rice will be destroyed and it will lack vitamins and nutrients. Therefore, regular irrigation is very important for rice cultivation. Fertilizers should also be applied. I will discuss irrigation and Fertilizer application methods below.

• After planting paddy it should be irrigated regularly. There can be different methods for irrigation. But it must be irrigated.

• Water can be used for irrigation from deep tube wells or ponds. But this method of irrigation is very annoying in our present time.

• It would be better to use an electric motor or a diesel powered pump for simple irrigation. It has a lot of water and can be irrigated very easily. This is one of the methods for irrigation.

In addition, fertilizers should be applied to the land at regular intervals. I have discussed the application of fertilizers below.

• It is important to apply fertilizer within two days of planting rice in the land. In this case, fertilizers like urea, potassium, TSP etc. are applied. They help make the land more fertile and sustain the crops.

• If salinity occurs in the land, lime can be applied. It removes the salinity of the soil. Fruit yield is good.

• Poisons are applied to eradicate insects from rice plants. It protects the rice plant from the attack of insects.

• The yield can be further increased by applying organic fertilizers to the land. Also called a green manure. Its organic fertilizers improve the soil and meet the food needs of crops.

Other times specific fertilizers are applied. A good yield can be expected by liberal application of fertilizers. Of course, it is important to apply it in the right way at the right time. For paddy cultivation, I usually apply fertilizer twice.

What are the major pests and diseases of rice crops, and how can they be controlled?

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Various diseases and insect attacks exist during rice cultivation. Of course these are essential to remedy and prevent. Otherwise your yield may be disturbed.

• grasshopper: The insect attack that can be observed while cultivating rice in our country is the locust. Locust is an insect that eats the leaves of the crop and makes the crop dull. It disrupts crop growth and normal conditions. Pesticides are applied to the land to protect against this insect attack. It suppresses the insects.

There are some diseases and symptoms during rice cultivation. All the diseases that are faced in rice cultivation are discussed below.

• Rice virus attack.: The virus attacks the rice just after the green leaves begin to emerge after cultivation. Due to the attack of the virus, the leaves fall from the stem. In this the young leaves are shorter and wider.

• Root rot disease.: Rice is more susceptible to root rot disease if there is a shortage of nutrients.Roots become weak when the amount of organic matter in the soil is reduced. Weakened roots cause the paddy to droop and rot.

• Rice blast disease.: This disease causes small eye-like spots on rice leaves. At some point they grow and merge with each other. In this, the leaves of rice start to burn. The rice leaves become hard and rust like due to this disease. As a result the leaves become thin. Leaves break easily.

Disease treatment and prevention.

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Besides, many other diseases are encountered during rice cultivation. Some steps can be taken to get rid of these diseases.

• Proper maintenance should be done after cultivating the land. This will reduce the chances of insects getting on the ground.

• Applying moderate amounts of pesticides to land that are not harmful to crops. By applying these it will be very easy to suppress the insects from the land.

• Most diseases are caused by lack of vitamins and other minerals. So apply moderate amounts of urea and other fertilizers to the land.

• Checking the ph value of the soil and selecting its appropriate value and applying organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers to the soil. A neutral pH value of soil is considered to be 7.

• Irrigation should be done before the soil is protected. Of course, the weeds in the land should be cleaned regularly. Weeding should be done at least three times per cultivation.

Besides, different methods can be used to protect rice from diseases and insects. Of course, it is important to apply the procedures correctly and correctly.

What are the next steps after harvesting the paddy and what are the steps to be taken to preserve the paddy?

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I will do alternate cultivation so that the land does not fall fallow after harvesting the paddy.After harvesting paddy I can grow jute as another crop. After harvesting paddy, I can become self-sufficient by cultivating jute. I think jute cultivation will be very profitable after harvesting the paddy without leaving the land fallow. There are also other types of crops such as beans, mustard, and various vegetables. It will produce land.

* the steps to be taken to preserve the paddy.

There are methods of preservation of paddy after harvesting. We can save crops in rice cultivation in several steps. I will discuss step by step.

• First, after the paddy is matured, the paddy along with the plant should be harvested. After harvesting the paddy and two fistfuls of flour should be tied.

• Ati paddy should be brought to a specific place and killed. It is better to use threshing machine for threshing rice. Besides, some times I saw rice threshing by hand on drum stones etc.

• After the rice threshing work is completed, the unnecessary dirt should be separated from the rice. That is, it is a good method to separate the paddy by air.

• After cleaning the paddy, they should be dried in the sun for two days. The best method is to store them after drying for two days. Sometimes it is possible to store rice without drying it, but there is a risk of spoilage.

This is how rice is stored. Every year there is a certain time in our country when rice cultivation is seen in abundance. Then Bangladesh will enjoy a new festival. Rice cultivation is one of the ways to meet our food needs. I am very happy to have a contest related to this.
So I invite my dear friends to participate in this contest, @ripon0630 @pea07 @wilmer1988 @radjasalman

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