SEC | S20W1: Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture"

In the area where I live, different crops are grown in different places every year. There are some areas where the crops are harvested from rainwater because there is no underground water, while some areas get water from canals or rivers. Now both the seasons are affecting both the regions.

In dry areas, there is no water in the world, crops are cultivated on the basis of rain, but due to climate change, the rains do not come on time. And when the rain is not on time, the seed does not freeze well, which makes the crop weak and various diseases and insects attack it quickly.

Due to lack of rain, the crop does not get water and thus both yield and quality are affected. Fertility of the soil decreases and we all know that the bottom of such soil is hard and then due to the hard soil, the plant cannot take root, which weakens the stem of the crop and destroys the crop.

Rain softens if it rains on time then the drought will be less and the cattle will also get grass and if there is no rain then the cattle and humans will suffer from hunger so timely rain and water are very important for these areas. which are prone to drought due to climate change.

Due to heavy rains, the amount of water in the rivers and seas increases and the river causes damage to the surrounding population, crops, gardens and due to flood conditions, the crops and livestock are drowned in the water and thus this flooding is the cause of climate change.

The flood water destroys the crops and causes erosion in the land, which makes the cultivated land unfit for cultivation, so the flood and rain water stagnates in the crops, the roots of the crops become weak and get burnt due to the lack of oxygen. They are dying. Various harmful insects cause damage to the crops due to moisture in any crop where the rain water will stand.

Thus, heavy rains cause floods and excess water, destroying crops and gardens, while droughts cause destruction of crops and soil fertility due to lack of water. Sudden heavy rains and lack of rains during the growing season are all due to climate change. in my area as i mentioned in above that we live near river indus side, in summer we face flood , but not every year, this year flood destroy all crops and shortage of water of also , we are facing so climate change affecting us as i mentioned above.

I will answer this question based on my regional experiences. Due to climate change many new diseases and pests attack the crops because when we cultivate any crop we cultivate it by looking at the weather but sudden change in the weather then the cultivated crop is exposed to various diseases and Damage from insect attack.

Because the insects that attack the crops due to the change of weather are sometimes not affected by the drugs that are effective for them in specific weather conditions, thus the specific weather that the crop needs. Various diseases attack the crop during the change of weather. Thus various diseases and pests come out with the seasons. Thus, various weeds grow in the rainy season which destroy the crops and various diseases and insects attack them, thus those weeds become a source of disease for the crops. These weeds are born due to climate change.

I have also observed in my area that there are some insects that are affected by the poison in certain seasons and the same insects are not affected by the poison in some days. Because sudden increase in cold or increase in heat, these climatic changes start to increase the resistance of insects and diseases spread by them.

Here are the experiments people in my area are doing to protect against various pests and diseases due to climate change. First of all, before planting the crop, the land should be thoroughly weeded and sprayed with pesticides. Then in the second phase, the crop should be changed after every two years because cultivating the same crop continuously for several years also cannot withstand climate change. If the crop is attacked by any disease or insect, poison and appropriate drugs should be sprayed in time. Fertilizers should be given on time as needed. seed should be of good quality and cultivated with poison. Many farmers in my area practice them. In the areas which are affected by flood water or rains, then in this season such crops should be cultivated in those areas which grow better in water such as rice crops etc.

_{Discuss what changes in irrigation systems are required due to climate change..}