Assalam O Alaikum Everyone!

Dear Stamians,

I hope you all are fine by the grace of the Allah Almighty. I am also fine. As we know that today is wednesday and it is the day of educational theme in this community. Alhamdulillah i am a science student and today i my post about the two topics.

Topics:

• Sketch of the human digestive system
• Gastrointestinal motility and its control

Sketch of digestive system:

I draw the sketch of the human digestive system and also mentioned the major parts of the digestive system.

Gastrointestinal motility and its control:

Gastrointestinal disease:
Its affect the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus.
For example: Vomiting

Most of the mammals have same structure of the gastrointestinal tract. It has three parts:

• Serosa
• Muscular layers
• Submucosa

Serosa:
It is the thin layer of the connective tissue. It is the outermost layer. The serosa forms a moist epithelial sheet called the peritoneum.

Muscular layer:
Longitudinal smooth muscle layer and circular smooth muscle layer.

Submucosa:
It is present under the muscle layer. The submucosa contains connective tissue, blood. The mucosa faces the central opening called lumen.

Factors causing mobility

The muscle layers of the gastrointestinal tract contracts. It mixes the food material with various secretions. Food is moved by peristalsis and segmentation.

1. Peristalsis:
The ring of the circular smooth muscle constrict behind the food and relax in the front of it during peristalsis.

2. Segmentation:
The small and large intestines also have rings of smooth muscles. They repeatedly contract and relax. They create an oscillating back and forth movement in the same place. It is called segmentation.

Control of mobility:

• The volume and composition of food in the lumen of the gut control the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.
  For example: the ingested food distends the gut. The digestion of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins stimulates the various chemical receptors in the gut wall.

• The long distance nerve pathways connect the receptors and effectors with the central nervous system. These pathways maintain homeostasis in the gut.

• The endocrine of the gastrointestinal tract also produce the hormones. These hormones regulate the secretion, digestion and adsorption.

this is my today explanation about the topics. i hope you all understand and like it.

My introduction link:

https://steemit.com/hive-172186/@faiqach/achievement-1-my-introduction-through-verification-to-steemit-by-faiqach

thanks for visiting my post.

Special Thanks:

@hassanabid
@haidermehdi
@vvarishayy
@steemit-pak
@event-horizon