Achievement 3: PLAGIARISM by :@naabara

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Hello steemians,
It’s my greatest pleasure and honor to share with you on the topic plagiarism. Plagiarism as ‘Intellectual theft’ occurs when you present another person’s ideas, intentionally or unintentionally, as your own.
It is your responsibility to avoid plagiarizing and you are expected to credit the sources of ideas that you use in your own work.

What count as plagiarism?
Plagiarism can be intentional or unintentional. It often occurs because the process of citation can be confusing, technology makes copy + paste so easy, and knowing exactly what to cite is not always easy!
You can avoid unintentional plagiarism by learning how to cite material and keeping track of sources in your notes. Give yourself plenty of time to process sources so you don’t plagiarize by mistake. Here are some examples of plagiarism:
• Submitting a paper written by someone else.
• Using words and phrases from the source text and patching them together in new sentences.
• Failing to acknowledge the sources of words or information.
• Not providing quotation marks around a direct quotation. This leads to the false assumption that the words are your own.
• Borrowing the idea or opinion of someone else without giving the person credit
• Restating or paraphrasing a passage without citing the original author
• Borrowing facts or statistics that are not common knowledge without proper acknowledgement.

Types of plagiarism

Complete Plagiarism
Complete plagiarism is the most severe form of plagiarism where a researcher takes a manuscript or study that someone else created, and submits it under his or her name.

Source-based Plagiarism
Plagiarism may occur because of the different types of sources. For example, when a researcher references a source that is incorrect or does not exist, it is a misleading citation. Plagiarism also occurs when a researcher uses a secondary source of data or information, but only cites the primary source of information.

Direct Plagiarism
Direct or verbatim plagiarism occurs when an author copies the text of another author, word for word, without the use of quotation marks or attribution, thus passing it as his or her own.
Self or Auto Plagiarism

Auto-plagiarism, also known as self-plagiarism or duplication, happens when an author reuses significant portions of his or her previously published work without attribution. Thus, this type of plagiarism is most likely to involve published researchers, rather than university students

Paraphrasing plagiarism
It involves the use of someone else’s writing with some minor changes in the sentences and using it as one’s own. Even if the words differ, the original idea remains the same and plagiarism occurs.

Inaccurate Authorship
Inaccurate authorship or misleading attribution can happen in two ways: In one form, when an individual contributes to a manuscript but does not get credit for it. The second form is the opposite: when an individual gets credit without contributing to the work.

Mosaic Plagiarism
Mosaic plagiarism may be more difficult to detect because it interlays someone else’s phrases or text within its own research. It is also known as patchwork plagiarism and it is intentional and dishonest.

Accidental Plagiarism
Whether intended or unintended, there is no excuse for plagiarism and the consequences are often the same. However, plagiarism may be accidental if it occurred because of neglect, mistake.

How to Avoid Plagiarizing
Avoiding plagiarism begins with properly managing your research. If you are rushed, don’t take good notes, or lose track of where you found your sources, you may find yourself accidentally plagiarizing. Here are some tips to prevent that from happening:

• Take and keep accurate notes of the sources you use. Distinguish between your ideas and others ideas and direct quotes.

• Document your sources immediately. As you gather sources during your research, make sure to record all the information you need to cite your sources accurately and completely (e.g., authors, titles, URL addresses, etc.).

• Make sure to place direct quotes from another person in quotation marks. This is especially important to remember when you are taking notes from any source you use. Make sure to copy the words exactly as they appear in the source.
• When you paraphrase, be sure you are not just changing or rearranging a few words. Carefully read over the text you want to paraphrase. Write out the idea in your own words. Check your paraphrase against the original text to make sure you have not accidentally used the same phrases or words.
• Make sure to include complete and correct citations in your works cited list.

• Make sure to include in-text citations within your paper for any information taken from another person’s work. A typical in-text citation includes the author’s last name and the page number of the source.
This is how far I can go on the subject matter.

I have read and understood the steemit etiquette on steemit community and will do my best to embrace them.

Thank you for your precious time.