Basic Concepts
Network Topology
Star Topology: All devices are connected to a central node, usually a switch or router.
Ring Topology: Devices are connected in a circular format, with each device having two neighbors.
Bus Topology: All devices share a common communication medium (bus).
Mesh Topology: Each device is directly connected to every other device in the network.
Network Protocols
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The fundamental communication protocol used for the internet and local area networks (LANs).
HTTP/HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol/Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol): Used for transmitting web pages.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Used for sending emails.
Network Devices
Router: Used to forward data packets between different networks.
Switch: Used to exchange data packets within the same network.
Firewall: Used to protect the network from unauthorized access.
Access Point: Used for wireless network connections.
Key Technologies
IP Addresses and Subnet Masks
IP Address: Used to identify devices within a network.
Subnet Mask: Used to divide networks and determine the number of hosts within a subnet.
VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)
VLAN Technology: Used to divide a physical network into multiple logical networks, enhancing network management flexibility and security.
VPN (Virtual Private Network)
VPN Technology: Used to establish a secure private network connection over a public network, commonly used for remote work.
QoS (Quality of Service)
QoS Technology: Used to manage network traffic, ensuring that important data is transmitted with priority, improving network performance.
Network Security
Network Security: Includes encryption technologies, firewall configurations, and intrusion detection systems to protect the integrity and confidentiality of network data.