THE ENZYMATIC FUNCTIONING IN THE PRODUCTION OF DOPAMINE

Greetings and welcome dear followers and users who are passionate about scientific topics, we are back with another material that allows us to understand the advances of science in general and how its implications, allows to generate positive effects in the medical field and in knowledge. and functionality of our body.

In this sense, this publication aims to conceptually address the mechanism of dopamine production through enzymatic sequences, for this, we will rely on a series of investigations that are being carried out from the Norwegian National Center for Biotechnology.

Therefore, it is necessary to make it clear that dopamine is considered the hormone of pleasure, although chemically it is considered a phenylethylamine, a substance that those who have the ability to behave as a neurotransmitter and a One of the peculiarities and importance of these substances can be seen in people suffering from Parkinson's, a disease that inhibits the production of dopamine, which affects muscle control and involuntary movement occurs.

Based on the above, what we seek to explain is the metabolic mechanism of dopamine production, which is undoubtedly influenced by enzymatic mechanisms and according to research, dopamine performs various functions, among which are coordination of movement, generating sensations of pleasure and allows to fix the attention and memorization.

Hence the importance of knowing the fundamental bases behind the production of dopamine and seeking pharmacological developments to guarantee the necessary production of the substance, which would be crucial to reduce the complications or conditions caused by diseases like Parkinson's.

Therefore, by combining cryoelectron microscopy with biochemical methods, it has been possible to detect and determine the structure of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), techniques that are based on the analysis of sample temperatures cryogenic in the substances.

According to the results obtained, the chemical substances detected consist of 4 parts, which is why it is considered as a tetramer with two ends with catalytic domains that interact in small volumes of regulatory domains and consequently It is responsible for catalyzing the chemical reactions involved in the production and inhibition of dopamine.

Being able to determine the chemical structure of tyrosine hydrolase reveals the enzymatic mechanism of action associated with dopamine, where TH manages to inhibit the production processes of the neurotransmitter, through the following mechanism of action:

The excessive production of dopamine at the cellular level produces strong bonds between the active sites of the enzyme and the substrate, maintaining the inhibition and reducing the production of dopamine, however, when the opposite is the case, that is, there is a dopamine deficit, the phosphorylation process is activated that weakens the previously created bonds and consequently the dopamine necessary for the body is released, it is necessary to emphasize that this action is possible since the enzymes are present in the chemical reactions , catalyze them but are not part of reactants or products.

Consequently, through this research it can be understood that proper functioning of the enzyme tyrosine hydrolase affects processes associated with motor control, emotion, biorhythms and even learning in general.

[1] Bahena y Col. Dopamine: synthesis, release and receptors in the Central Nervous System. Article: Online Access

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