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Eggplant and tomato are two very popular main vegetables in Bangladesh. The main problem for eggplant and tomato cultivation in Bangladesh and other countries of the world is various soil borne diseases. Mainly slope disease and root rot disease cause severe damage to tomato and eggplant cultivation. These two diseases spread rapidly when there is high temperature and high humidity in the soil. The bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum is a bacterium that has fallen off, and the root germ bacterium is a worm or nematode called Meloidigyne incognita. Due to these two diseases, the yield of eggplant and tomato is reduced by 30-50 percent or more. In Bangladesh or any other country, it has not yet been possible to satisfactorily control these two diseases through chemical poisoning or any other method of control. It is almost impossible to clean or disinfect the soil on a large scale. In addition, this method destroys various beneficial germs in the soil.
Studies have shown that two species of wild eggplant, called Solanum torvum and S. sisymbriifolium, have very high levels of resistance to these two diseases. These two wild eggplant species grow all over Bangladesh. High yields can be ensured by making eggplant and tomato trees by grafting on these wild eggplant trees to protect them from various soil borne diseases. Using this method will bring huge success in eggplant and early tomato cultivation, meet our vegetable demand and benefit the farmers economically.
Identification of soil borne diseases
Tomato and eggplant trees can be affected at any age. Severe outbreaks of eggplant and tomato peeling and root git disease were observed, especially at high temperatures (35 সেন C). These diseases are more prevalent in highlands where eggplant and tomato are planted periodically year after year. রোগIf the diseased land is irrigated, the disease becomes apparent and spreads to all the lands. The leaves of the diseased tree fall off partially and then completely and the tree dies within 3-4 days. If the disease attacks early in the crop, most or all of the plants may die before the tomatoes and eggplants bear fruit. Infestation of worms or nematodes causes swelling at the roots and causes gingivitis and weakening the affected plants. As a result of the attack of git disease, the food material that the tree receives from the soil cannot go up and the tree becomes weak and dies. Extensive attack of worms often kills the tree. In addition, wounds caused by worm infestation help in the penetration of bacterial and fungal pathogens in the root canal.
The purpose of the pen
Eggplant and tomato cultivation with double graft protects 90% -95% of the trees from leaf blight and root rot disease. The disease causes extensive damage to eggplant and early tomato cultivation. Therefore, the grafting method is very useful and profitable for growing tomatoes and eggplants in advance. As the roots of wild eggplant are healthy and strong, they can take the right amount of food from the soil, resulting in higher yields and more than one to one and a half months of yield. It has been proved through experiments that if eggplant and tomato are cultivated in double graft method, the yield is 1.5-2 times higher.