Bitcoin has gone through several notable forks during the years, which again created new cryptocurrencies with their unique characteristics. Most of the time, forks happen due to different ideas over how Bitcoin should be further developed considering scalability, higher transaction speed, and block size.
The most notable fork to date has been Bitcoin Cash, BCH, which came into existence in August 2017. The leading argument for Bitcoin Cash lay in the attempt to solve the scalability problem that Bitcoin had, as the 1 MB block size limitation was considered to be one of the major bottlenecks toward speedy and allegedly "free" transactions. Bitcoin Cash proponents wanted to increase the block size to 8 MB, later extended to 32 MB, in order to enable more transactions per block, hence adapting Bitcoin Cash for everyday transactions.
Bitcoin SV, otherwise known as "Bitcoin Satoshi Vision," is a subsequent fork from Bitcoin Cash. It came into being in November 2018. The Bitcoin SV project is driven by Craig Wright, who has declared himself to be Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin SV aspired to be closer to the original vision stated in the Bitcoin whitepaper. It further increased the block size to 128 MB and even larger, emphasizing scalability and aspiring to enterprise-level transaction processing. However, its approach raised criticism over centralization worries and storage challenges due to its gigantic block sizes.
Each fork underlines the priorities of the community-to wit, Bitcoin Cash aims at facilitating faster and cheaper transactions, while on the other side, Bitcoin SV scales for wider, business-oriented applications. These forks reflect the sensitive balance between preserving Bitcoin's decentralized ideals and answering the needs of evolving user bases in the blockchain space.
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