We got acquainted with the concept of shutter speed in this article. Now let's learn what an aperture is.
The aperture is the hole in the lens through which light penetrates. With the help of mechanics and electronics, the diameter of this hole can be changed. The wider the aperture, the more light falls on the matrix (or film).
The widest aperture size photographers call the lens speed. Aperture is most often denoted as follows: f/2.8. Although there may be other ways of notation.
As you can see in the notation there is a letter and a number. The larger the number, the weaker the lens. Therefore, the f/3.5 lens has less lens speed than f/2.8.
Thus, the aperture, like the shutter speed, doses light, but not by time, but by the amount of light. To take a photo, a beginner must know and understand what shutter speed and aperture are. Setting the shutter speed and aperture is called exposure. Usually for certain lighting the correspondence of these two sizes is necessary. The rules are as follows: the more you clamp the aperture, the longer the shutter speed should be, and vice versa.
Sometimes the aperture is used not only to increase or decrease the amount of light, but also to control the depth of field. For example:
Let's take a look at another interesting effect that can be obtained by changing the aperture. If you close the aperture, the glowing objects turn into stars. The more we close the aperture, the longer and sharper the rays.
Don't forget about the tripod! Opening the aperture to f/2 we get a fairly long shutter speed. And if the aperture is closed to f/13, especially at night, we get a much longer shutter speed (in this example, 30 seconds!). And you already know what will happen with a long exposure without a tripod.