@santosbass2 The Dairy Game Tuberculosis 30/06/21

Hello steemians how are you guys doing I hope well. I will be talking on Tuberculosis hope we will learn something today.
What Is Tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection that usually attacks your lungs. It can also spread to other parts of your body, like your brain and spine. A type of bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes it.Can tuberculosis be cured?In the 20th century, TB was a leading cause of death in the United States. Today, most cases are cured with antibiotics. But it takes a long time. You have to take medications for at least 6 to 9 months.
Tuberculosis Types
TB infection doesn’t always mean you’ll get sick. There are two forms of the disease:
Latent TB. You have the germs in your body, but your immune system keeps them from spreading. You don’t have any symptoms, and you’re not contagious. But the infection is still alive and can one day become active. If you’re at high risk for re-activation -- for instance, if you have HIV, you had an infection in the past 2 years, your chest X-ray is unusual, or your immune system is weakened -- your doctor will give you medications to prevent active TB.
Active TB. The germs multiply and make you sick. You can spread the disease to others. Ninety percent of active cases in adults come from a latent TB infection.

 Tuberculosis Signs and Symptoms

Latent TB doesn’t have symptoms. A skin or blood test can tell if you have it.Signs of active TB disease include:

A cough that lasts more than 3 weeks
Chest pain
Coughing up blood
Feeling tired all the time
Night sweats
Chills
Fever
Loss of appetite
Weight loss
If you have any of these symptoms, see your doctor to get tested. Get medical help right away if you have chest pain.

      Tuberculosis Causes

Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria that spread through the air, just like a cold or the flu. You can get TB only if you come into contact with people who have it.
Tuberculosis Risk Factors
You could be more likely to get TB if:A friend, co-worker, or family member has active TB.
You live in or have traveled to an area where TB is common, like Russia, Africa, Eastern Europe, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean.
You’re part of a group in which TB is more likely to spread, or you work or live with someone who is. This includes homeless people, people who have HIV, people in jail or prison, and people who inject drugs into their veins.
You work or live in a hospital or nursing home.
You’re a health care worker for patients at high risk of TB.
You’re a smoker.
A healthy immune system fights the TB bacteria. But you might not be able to fend off active TB disease if you have:
HIV or AIDS
Diabetes
Severe kidney disease
Head and neck cancers
Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy
Low body weight and poor nutrition
Medications for organ transplants
Certain drugs to treat rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and psoriasis
Babies and young children also have higher chances of getting it because their immune systems aren’t fully formed.
Tuberculosis Transmission

When someone who has TB coughs, sneezes, talks, laughs, or sings, they release tiny droplets that contain the germs. If you breathe in these germs, you can get it.TB isn’t easy to catch. You usually have to spend a long time around someone who has a lot of the bacteria in their lungs. You’re most likely to catch it from co-workers, friends, and family members.Tuberculosis germs don’t thrive on surfaces. You can’t get it from shaking hands with someone who has it or by sharing their food or drink.

   Tuberculosis Tests and Diagnosis

 There are two common tests for tuberculosis:

Skin test. This is also known as the Mantoux tuberculin skin test. A technician injects a small amount of fluid into the skin of your lower arm. After 2 or 3 days, they’ll check for swelling in your arm. If your results are positive, you probably have TB bacteria. But you could also get a false positive. If you’ve gotten a tuberculosis vaccine called bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the test could say that you have TB when you really don’t. The results can also be false negative, saying that you don’t have TB when you really do, if you have a very new infection. You might get this test more than once.
Blood test. These tests, also called interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), measure the response when TB proteins are mixed with a small amount of your blood.
Those tests don’t tell you if your infection is latent or active. If you get a positive skin or blood test, your doctor will learn which type you have with:
A chest X-ray or CT scan to look for changes in your lungs.
Acid-fast bacillus (AFB) tests for TB bacteria in your sputum.

           Tuberculosis Treatment

Your treatment will depend on your infection.
If you have latent TB, your doctor will give you medication to kill the bacteria so the infection doesn’t become active. You might get isoniazid, rifapentine, or rifampin, either alone or combined. You’ll have to take the drugs for up to 9 months. If you see any signs of active TB, call your doctor right away.
A combination of medicines also treats active TB. The most common are ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and rifampin. You’ll take them for 6 to 12 months.
If you have drug-resistant TB, your doctor might give you one or more different medicines. You may have to take them for much longer, up to 30 months, and they can cause more side effects.
Whatever kind of infection you have, it’s important to finish taking all of your medications, even when you feel better. If you quit too soon, the bacteria can become resistant to the drugs.

      Tuberculosis Prevention

 To help stop the spread of TB:

If you have a latent infection, take all of your medication so it doesn’t become active and contagious.
If you have active TB, limit your contact with other people. Cover your mouth when you laugh, sneeze, or cough. Wear a surgical mask when you’re around other people during the first weeks of treatment.
If you’re traveling to a place where TB is common, avoid spending a lot of time in crowded places with sick people.
Below is a picture of a TB Patient

I will love to end here hope I have helped many out there. Thanks for reading and stay blessed.