Several researches have shown that numerical intelligence is innate, that newborns as soon as they come into the world are able to discriminate sets of 2 or 3 elements and from 5-6 months they recognize sets with larger numbers. If we offer them two quantities in comparison, for example 8 and 16 elements, their attention will be captured by the greater set. To make the difference clear, the relationship between the two must always be at least double.
The innate ability to recognize quantities up to 4 elements is called subitizing and we can easily see it even in us adults, when, when faced with quantities up to 4 elements we do not need to count.
These pre-verbal skills can be trained from 6-8 months, for example by offering children different amounts and asking “Where are there more?”, “Where are there less?”. In the very young we can see it with their spontaneous approach to the larger group, we will be the ones to say “Bravo! Those are more. "
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