https://phys.org/news/2021-12-early-humans-largest-animals-extinction.html
Yes they did, and there's ample evidence that early humans', to Native Americans', to modern primitive tribes' hunting methods were far from magically harmonious with nature. To the contrary, they were (and are) often extremely cruel and brutal - even if you compare them to factory farming.
Running mammoths and bison off low cliffs so they break their legs en masse, possibly dying miles away. Maybe "every part of the buffalo" would end up getting used... But only the parts of the buffalo that weren't left to rot.
Poisoning ponds and rivers so dozens or even hundreds of fish get stunned or killed all at once.
Lighting fires to flush out game or to intentionally destroy habitat.
And the incentives of the commons have always incentivized over-consumption with little concern for the future.
Property rights, free markets, and entrepreneurship are civilizing forces. They empower us all to create more value with less waste while coordinating consumption and production with an eye toward the future.