A difference between Python and Java blocks

Yeah; I am learning Java as one of my university courses. But I was using Python since two years ago. So there are plenty of differences that come to my eye when I am reading the [textbook] (https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks/textbooks/419).
Here is an important one:
When you define a variable in a Python block, it will be "global"; meaning it can be accessed across the whole program. But in Java, a variable that is declared inside a block can not be accessed outside of that block (p. 72)