"Micronutrients, often referred to as vitamins and minerals, are vital to healthy development, disease prevention, and wellbeing. With the exception of vitamin D, micronutrients are not produced in the body and must be derived from the diet1."
https://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/micronutrient-malnutrition/micronutrients/index.html
"Is it legal to market a dietary supplement product as a treatment or cure for a specific disease or condition?
No, a product sold as a dietary supplement and promoted on its label or in labeling as a treatment, prevention or cure for a specific disease or condition would be considered an unapproved--and thus illegal--drug."
https://www.fda.gov/food/information-consumers-using-dietary-supplements/questions-and-answers-dietary-supplements
"Unlike drugs, supplements are not intended to treat, diagnose, prevent, or cure diseases. That means supplements should not make claims, such as “reduces pain” or “treats heart disease.” Claims like these can only legitimately be made for drugs, not dietary supplements."
https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplements/dietary-supplement-products-ingredients
"Dietary supplements are products intended to supplement the diet. They are not medicines and are not intended to treat, diagnose, mitigate, prevent, or cure diseases. The FDA is the federal agency that oversees both supplements and medicines, but the FDA regulations for dietary supplements are different from those for prescription or over-the-counter medicines.
Medicines must be approved by the FDA before they can be sold or marketed."
https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/DS_WhatYouNeedToKnow.aspx/
"Under the FDA’s Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), products intended to cure, treat, mitigate, or prevent disease are drugs and are subject to the requirements that apply to drugs, even if they are labeled as dietary supplements"
https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/2021/05/federal-trade-commission-fda-warn-five-companies-may-be-illegally
"Any dietary supplement marketed to prevent, diagnose, mitigate, treat, or cure a disease (e.g., a disease caused by a viral infection) is considered a new drug and may be legally sold only if it is FDA-approved."
https://www.blumenthal.senate.gov/newsroom/press/release/blumenthal-urges-fda-and-ftc-action-against-potentially-harmful-products-claiming-to-treat-or-prevent-covid-19
"Over the summer, the Food and Drug Administration announced that in order for an experimental Covid-19 vaccine to get the green light, it would need to be safe and “prevent disease or decrease its severity in at least 50 percent of people who are vaccinated.”"
https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/fda-s-cutoff-covid-19-vaccine-effectiveness-50-percent-what-n1245506
"Coronavirus vaccine developers now have some advice from the FDA: To win approval, any vaccine must be at least 50% more effective than placebo in preventing the disease."
https://www.fiercepharma.com/vaccines/fda-to-require-at-least-50-efficacy-for-covid-19-vaccines-wsj
"A coronavirus vaccine would need to be at least 50% more effective than a placebo in preventing or at least decreasing the severity of COVID-19 in order for the Food and Drug Administration to approve it"
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2020/06/30/fda-coronavirus-vaccine-would-have-least-50-effective/5349964002/
"The Food and Drug Administration said Tuesday that to win regulatory approval, any covid-19 vaccine will have to prevent disease, or decrease its severity, in at least 50 percent of the people who receive it."
https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/06/30/coronavirus-vaccine-approval-fda/
"it would need to be safe and “prevent disease or decrease its severity in at least 50 percent of people"
https://news.yahoo.com/fda-wants-covid-19-vaccine-095803667.html
"The guidance also calls for an effectiveness rate of 50%, a benchmark which exceeds those of most recent influenza vaccines used in the U.S."
https://medmarcinsurance.wordpress.com/2020/07/07/fda-sets-50-efficacy-benchmark-in-vaccine-guidance/