Magnesium, not without a reason, is one of the most important elements. It activates 300 enzymes and takes part in processes of synthesis and breakdown of high energy compounds such as ATP.
Magnesium is necessary for:
the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids,
maintaining chromosomal structure,
proper bone mineralization,
activation of amino acids, beta-oxidation, sugar metabolism,
stabilization of the mucosal structure,
activation of ionic pumps
Interesting fact, for production of 1 kg of muscle, about 200 mg of Magnesium is necessary.
Hypomagnesemia
It’s a decrease in magnesium concentration in blood serum below .6 mmol/l. The reasons for magnesium deficiencies associated with hypomagnesemia are:
bad diet,
starvation,
insufficient magnesium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract because of intestinal malfunctioning,
alcoholism,
lactation ( loss of magnesium in milk),
permanent overdose of insulin,
long term hyperglycemia,
vomiting,
excessive sweat caused by some diseases (exertion of magnesium with sweat),
cancer,
inflammation of the pancreas and liver,
long term depression and stress,
and others.
Along with hypomagnesemia, there is hypokalemia (decrease in potassium) and hypocalcemia (decrease in Calcium). The symptoms of long term magnesium deficiencies are:
progression of atherosclerosis
weaken muscles,
painful contractures,
convulsions,
eye spasms,
frequent shortness of breath,
apathy,
depression,
hallucinations,
worsen immune response for infections,
cardiovascular disorders,
and more.
The supplementation of magnesium doesn’t guarantee its increased level in the body. The effectiveness of the supplement depends on the magnesium chemical structure used. The body doesn’t absorb all magnesium compounds. Oxides, carbonate or phosphate, are a doubtful source of absorbed magnesium. Magnesium shouldn’t be taken with antibiotics. If you take calcium, you should take magnesium at a different time of the day. Antacids, cellulose preparations, charcoal, alcohol, fiber can impair magnesium absorption.
Herbal extracts, rich in organic acids (rose fruit, nettle, barberry fruit, etc.), increase the absorption of magnesium. Also, organic acids (citric, ascorbic, malic, fumaric, succinic, pyruvic) and inorganic acids (hydrochloric acid solution) increase magnesium absorption. Herbs rich in tannins (oak bark, gall, oxalic acid, etc.) decrease the absorption of calcium from intestines to blood. In the average diet, the biggest source of magnesium comes from wheat products (37%), dairy (19%), and potatoes (18%). However, those only fulfill 60% of daily magnesium demand.
Hypermagnesemia
It is an increase in magnesium concertation in blood serum for more than 1.5 mmol/l.
It is usually caused by:
excessive consumption of magnesium supplements,
the excessive acid content of the stomach,
insufficient excretion of magnesium in the urine,
and more.
The symptom of hypermagnesemia is an injury to the skeletal muscle and heart muscle.
The average daily demand for magnesium in women (19-30 years old) is 255 mg, and in women above the age of 30, it is 265mg. In men, it is 330-350 mg.
You can read more about magnesium here https://healthyasabirch.com/vitamins/all-about-magnesium/.