Many athletes have decided to dispense with gluten in their diet driven by an unjustified association with improving their health and performance. The data reflect that about 35% of athletes could be consuming a gluten-free diet, which represents a proportion about 4 times greater than those who have a clinical need for it (celiac). The reasons why non-celiac athletes decide to do without gluten are: improved gastrointestinal function, reduction of systemic inflammation and some ergogenic performance-related action. All this without basic scientific support to support it. Adopting a gluten-free diet implies a difficulty in developing an appropriate diet, certainly with a higher economic cost and perhaps an alteration in the consumption of short-chain carbohydrates.
Of course, this issue needs a deeper appreciation, and scientists must respond to the reality of this taking of positions by many athletes. It is easy to get carried away, especially when there is an improvement in performance, but professionals must act on a clear scientific basis, and for now it is not clear that gluten-free diet improves sports performance.
Muchos deportistas han decidido prescindir del gluten en su dieta impulsados por una no justificada asociación con la mejora de su salud y del rendimiento. Los datos reflejan que cerca del 35% de atletas podrían estar consumiendo dieta libre de gluten, lo que representa una proporción unas 4 veces mayor que aquellas personas que tienen necesidad clínica de ello (celiacos). Las razones por las que los atletas no celiacos deciden prescindir del gluten son: mejora función gastrointestinal, reducción de la inflamación sistémica y una cierta acción ergogénica vinculada al rendimiento. Todo ello sin existir soporte científico de base que lo sustente. Adoptar una dieta libre de gluten implica una dificultad de elaboración de una dieta apropiada, sin duda con un costo económico superior y quizás una alteración en el consumo de hidratos de carbono de cadena corta.
Desde luego que este tema necesita una valoración más profunda, y los científicos deben responder a la realidad de esta toma de posiciones por parte de muchos deportistas. Es fácil dejarse llevar por la corriente, sobre todo cuando se plantea una mejora del rendimiento, pero los profesionales hemos de actuar con bases científicas claras, y por ahora no está claro que la dieta libre en gluten mejore el rendimiento deportivo.
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