Like many photographers, the author has studied photography for more than 10 years. Looking back, he also noticed that there are many mistakes that begin to appear in photography. Here are 4 mistakes that novices often make. Have you ever tried?
筆者跟很多攝影師一樣，已經學習攝影超過10年，回顧過去也發覺有很多初學攝影時會出現的錯誤，這裏有4個新手常犯的錯誤，看看你有沒有試過？
(Error 1) Without Exposure Compensation (+/- EV)
Now that digital cameras are more and more advanced, metering is smart, but it can be wrong in some very light or dark environments. Here are some examples:
(錯誤一) 不作曝光補償（+/- EV）
現在數碼相機越來越先進，測光也很聰明，但在一些很光或很暗的環境下它也是會出錯的，以下有一些例子：
Situation 情況
The photo contains a lot of sky or sun The camera is very bright
相片包含大量天空或太陽
error 錯誤 correct 正確
it will underexpose the photo +EV
相機以爲很光，會令相片曝光不足 +EV
Situation 情況
The photo contains a lot of black stuff such as a graduated robe.
相片包含很多黑色東西如畢業袍
error 錯誤 correct 正確
The camera looks very dark and will overwhelm the photos -EV
相機以爲很暗，會令相片過曝 -EV
Situation 情況
Photographed in the snow The camera thought
在雪地拍照相機以爲很光
error 錯誤 correct 正確
it was very light and it reduced the exposure and turned the snow into grey +EV
會減曝光，使雪地變成灰色 +EV
When we teach classmates in the photo-training classes, we will have a word of mouth: "When light meets (+EV), dark or dark (-EV)", you can remember!
我們在攝影訓練班教同學時會有一個口訣，就是「遇光即光(+EV)，遇暗即暗(-EV)」，各位可以緊記啊！
Want to learn more about exposure compensation techniques, you can refer to this article: Photography beginners must learn exposure compensation What is?
想學習更多有關曝光補償的技巧，可以參考這篇文章：攝影新手必學曝光補償是什麽？
(Error 2) Fear of using high ISO
(錯誤二) 害怕使用高ISO
Like many beginners, the author was also scared to use a high ISO when he first learned photography, because he felt that the photos must not show up! In fact, this is a concern. Now that the digital camera is very powerful, the ISO signal-noise control has been done very well. Generally speaking, the use of ISO1600 and ISO3200 signal-noise is also accepted. If it is a full-frame camera, it is inherently more advantageous. ISO12800 also has advantages. Can be used often! Therefore, it is better to use a high ISO now when shooting, and you do not want to destroy the photo by hand shake. In fact, using RAW files to shoot and then use computer-based software to reduce noise has a better performance!
跟很多初學攝影的同學一樣，筆者最初學攝影時也很害怕使用高ISO，因爲覺得相片一定不能有訊噪出現！其實這個是過慮的，現在數碼相機功能很強，ISO訊噪控制已經做得很好，一般使用ISO1600、ISO3200訊噪也在接受範圍，若果是使用全片幅相機先天更有優勢，ISO12800也可常用啊！因此現在拍攝時甯可使用高ISO，也不想出現手震等破壞相片的情況。其實使用 RAW檔 拍攝再利用電腦後制軟件來減雜訊也有更佳的表現啊！
Reference: High ISO is not sin! 4 ways to make good use of high sensitivity
參考：高ISO不是罪！4個善用高感光度的方法
(Error 3) Carefully handling the highlight
(錯誤三) 不小心處理高光位
I often used this error in the past. I didn't care much about the location of the “highlight spillover” in the photos. Usually these locations appear white in the photo. There is no information at all, and they cannot be restored afterwards. Therefore, these overflowing locations are also called “ Dead white." In order to avoid these situations, we must handle high light levels such as the sun, the sky, and the lights carefully. Do not overexposure them and cause them to "die white." Otherwise, these positions will attract people's attention and destroy the beauty of the entire photo.
筆者以前也常常出現這個錯誤，便是不太在意相片中「高光溢出」的位置，通常這些位置在相片中會呈現白色，完全沒有資訊，也不能用後制還原，因此這些溢出位置也叫「死白」。爲了避免這些情況，我們要小心處理高光位如太陽、天空、燈光等，不要曝光過度而令其「死白」，否則這些位置會很吸睛，破壞整張相片的美感。
In fact, the camera also has a built-in highlight detection function, there is a need to open the view:
其實相機也會有內置的高光檢測功能，有需要可以開啓查看：
(Error 4) The importance of neglecting the depth of field
(錯誤四) 忽視景深的重要性
In the past, photographs were mainly based on “records.” Especially when traveling, they often only took photos of “a visit here.” There is no artistic sense. Of course, they do not know what the depth of field is. In fact, the control of depth of field is a subject that novices must learn. Deep depth of field is used to make the entire photo clear and suitable for shooting large scenes; shallow depth of field can make the background blurred, highlight the subject, often used in portrait photography or close-up works Must learn to understand! If you do not know how to take a shallow depth of field, please refer to this tutorial: 3 tips for shooting shallow depth of field.
以前拍照是以「記錄」爲主，特別是旅行時常常只拍「到此一遊」的相片，沒有甚麽藝術感，當然不知道甚麽是景深了。其實景深的控制是新手必學的一個課題，深景深用來令整張相片清晰，適合拍攝大景；而淺景深可以令背景變模糊，突出主體，常常應用在人像攝影或是拍攝特寫類作品，一定要學懂啊！若果不知道怎樣拍出淺景深，請參考這篇教學：3個拍出淺景深的技巧。
