Thoughts?
This concept of different government forms (monarchy, aristocracy, democracy) degenerating into their respective corrupted forms (anarchy, tyranny, oligarchy, mob rule) aligns closely with the ideas of the ancient Greek philosopher Polybius. In his work "Histories," Polybius discusses the "Anacyclosis" or cycle of political evolution, where political systems naturally cycle through phases of order and disorder. This theory emphasizes how governments tend to decay from their ideal forms into corrupted forms over time.
The statue depicted seems to represent a bearded, ancient Greek figure, which is a common representation of classical philosophers. While it could resemble other Greek thinkers, Polybius is a likely candidate due to his direct association with the cyclical theory of government illustrated in the image.