What is the theory of evolution?

Evolutionary theory Evolution is defined as the change in the genetic traits (traits) inherited between organisms over time, resulting in the production of multiple species or changes in the species of organisms. [1] Evolutionary theory Charles Charles Robert Darwin A theory of evolution, known by his name, is a scholar of natural history and geology. Darwin was born on February 12, 1809, from a rich family; his father was a well-known physician. In 1838 Darwin began to study living organisms and transformations through mutations, and developed his famous theory (natural selection), Darwin published his book (Origin of Species) in 1859, where he published the theory of evolution with evidence to confirm its validity, and in 1871 studied human evolution in the book (The relationship of the origin of man and the choice of sex), and then published his book (Expression of emotions in humans and animals), and Darwin has published many research on plants, and his latest book on earthworms and its impact on the soil. Darwin died on April 19, 1882, and was described by the most influential figures in the world. [2] What is the theory of evolution The theory of modern evolution states that all living things gradually arose from a single cell; the coincidence and availability of certain physical factors were of air, heat and humidity; (3) The facts on which the theory of evolution was built The theory of evolution was built on important facts, which are summarized as follows: [4] All living organisms are different from each other, and this difference is due to inherited genes. Each generation is born in greater numbers than it can sustain the environment, leading to the survival of few of these generations and reaching adulthood. Individuals who have traits that enable them to adapt to the external environment have higher rates of survival than individuals who do not have these traits. For example, when a butterfly has a genetic characteristic that makes it invisible to organisms, it becomes less likely to be eaten by Which increases the chances of their survival and the production of other individuals who possess this status, leading to the stability of this status in future generations. Natural selection theory Because of the proliferation of organisms, it is natural to have a conflict over food, place, and survival. Darwin has called this conflict the name "natural selection" and has defined it as a process that enables individuals who have the qualities to survive and multiply, Where evolution occurs. The conditions necessary for natural selection are: [4] the struggle for survival; some organisms live, and some die. Difference and adaptation: Living organisms differ from each other; organisms that have the attributes that enable them to adapt to the environment are the ones that survive. Survival of the fittest

Human in the theory of evolution The origin of man in the theory of evolution Darwin pointed out that man originally a monkey, and explained that all creatures were born from each other over the years by natural evolution, [4] but the Christian and Jewish clerics of his time rejected this idea , Because they contradict the teachings of the Torah and the Gospel. The importance of the theory of evolution in the understanding of the human body The theory of evolution was of great importance in understanding the nature of man; it enabled philosophers to understand the human soul by knowing how the nervous system in the human body, and its relationship with other organisms, and factors that made it develop at present. As for modern medicine, the theory has enabled him to study how to treat man by relying on his origin. He left the treatment with herbs, the transition to treatment with animal extracts, such as hormones. The theory of evolution also created a new science known as genetics, Of diversity in living organisms. [5] Evidence supporting evolution theory There are many instruments that support the theory of evolution, including: [5] [4] And the fossils on the presence of members of the body types of organisms are not present in the body organs of this species at present, indicating that these members had an old function, and then evolved organisms, which led to its atrophy. The presence of members possess the same structure in different living organisms, and a different function, such as: whale fins, human hand. The biological environment: The different organisms living in the same place have the same qualities and characteristics that qualify them to adapt, because they have the same needs. Embryology: Vertebrate embryos are very similar in the womb of their mothers. Molecular Biology: By calculating the number of differences in the sequence of amino acids; Implications of the theory of evolution The theory of evolution failed in many ways, including: [6] Any scientific theory must follow the scientific curriculum in the identification and resolution of the issue, and the interpretation of all aspects related to it, but Darwin's theory of evolution was based on three pillars: , Mutation, and natural selection. The theory did not provide any explanation for the emergence of insects, knowing that they represent 80% of the origin of animals. The emergence of the second law of thermodynamics, which states that the entropy in any isolated system can not decrease, that is, the universe is deteriorating and can not continue to evolve. Life can not occur accidentally, given the complexities of biomolecules and DNA molecules. The theory of evolution did not explain how tissues, photosynthesis, and digestion were made.