Semantics studies the significance in two aspects: Diachrony and Synchrony.
- Diachrony studies the different meanings that words have undergone in their evolution and transformation throughout the ages, when communicative needs have required changes in meaning.
Example: the word stewardess meant originally, raised of the queen, a meaning that is very different from the one that we know at the moment; what implies a diachronic change, that is, through time. The word fisco originally meant purse; very different from its current meaning.
Synchrony is the study of linguistic facts at a given moment, outside of the evolution of time, taking into account the context and meaning. This explains the meaning of a word at a given time. Example: The word fox means, literally, male of the fox; but that meaning can make reference to astute, lazy man, playing dumb, etc; this implies a synchronic use of the word.
Love is a madness that only the cure heals,
and when the priest cures him he commits great madness.Llama Llama is what it is called.
Did you see how he dresses?
Causes of semantic change:
- Historical causes: meeting of cultures, new words.
- Social causes: new professions, new sciences, scientific advances.
- Psychological causes: attitude of people when communicating ideas and social taboos.
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