Jesus in the Gospel of John is presented to us as the bread of life, as the new manna from heaven. He is the one sent by the Father to give eternal life ("This is eternal life that they may know you the only true God", John 17:3), and then he concludes: "The spirit gives life; the flesh counts for nothing. The words I have spoken to you - they are full of the Spirit and life", John 6:63
These teachings of Jesus must be understood in the context of the "son of man", Jesus personifies, embodies, the perfections of God ("Be perfect as your heavenly Father is perfect", Matthew 5:48), he is part of the trinity along with the Father and the Holy Spirit. Jesus is the personification of the rectitude ("I am the way, the truth and the life, John 14:6), the personification of the wisdom ("I am the gate", John 10:9)
But what is the intrinsic meaning of the statement in John 6:63? In the Gospels the spirit is identified with wisdom, Thomas Aquinas explains that the spirit is the divine substance: "God is the wisdom itself". Jesus explains to us with this statement that the origin of life is in wisdom. Life is a perfection, a gift and its origin is in another perfection, wisdom. And this is so because everything that is progressive (the life and the wisdom for example) is by itself perfect.
Jesus tells us about wisdom (also by wisdom is understood the word of God):
"In the beginning was he Word
and the Word was with God,
and the Word was God.
He was with God in the beginning.
Through him all things were made;
without him nothing was made that has been made.
In him was life, and that life was the light of all mankind. John 1:1-3
The flesh, on the other hand, in the gospels represents everything that is imperfect, partial, and truncated, such as vice, sin, and passions.
Jesus presents us with this teaching the opposition between the perfect: he is the life, the wisdom, the word of God; and the imperfect: the flesh. The flesh, the imperfect, it only leads to death. Jesus by death does not understand the end of existence but the privation of God.
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