Jesus taught to the simple and common people the mystery of the Kingdom of Heaven while he was physically on earth, some with a well predisposed heart understood, but others due to the hardness of the heart did not.
And to taught this mystery, Jesus used parables, allegories, metaphors. And a very important allegory is the allegory of the good shepherd in the Gospel of John. Our Lord Jesus in the Gospel of John is presented to us as the "son of man", as the personification of the perfections of God, Jesus personifies that divine wisdom by which all the men who fear God with their hearts must seek to achieve beatitude and salvation, to find Jesus is to find the true wisdom: "Therefore Jesus said again, ´Very truly I tell you, I am the gate for the sheep´" John 10:7.
Jesus is also that true spiritual teacher, that shepherd, who calls his people, his sheep with love; Jesus knows each of his sheep, each of his brothers and friends by their names:
"Very truly I tell you Pharisees, anyone who does not enter the sheep pen by the gate, but blimbs in by some other way, is a thief and a robber. The one who enters by the gate is the shepherd of the sheep. The gatekeeper opens the gate for him, and the sheep listen to his voice. He calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. When he has brought out all his own, he goes on ahead of them, and his sheep follow him because they know his voice" John 10:1-4.
But the gospel also tells us something else, the enemies of Jesus were in a spiritual blindness, and did not understand what he taught: "Jesus used this figure of speech, but the Pharisees did not understand what he was telling them" John 10:6.
The understanding of the wisdom of Jesus is a grace, a charism, that God gives us to be able to follow the path and faith in Jesus. Jesus wants as a shepherd that we as sheep renew our hearts towards God, so that we can see the world with his eyes, and not that we live in that spiritual darkness like the Pharisees.
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