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The word "kosmos" means "order", "measure", "ornamentation". For the first Greek philosophers, the world is sort of orderly, which is opposed to chaos. Cosmos is a huge body that encompasses all the variety of the world. But this ancient cosmos is not like the modern cosmos, understood as an infinite and unimaginable universe. According to Aristotle, only the imagined and the harmonic can be beautiful. And is there anything more beautiful than space? They most often imagine space as a huge, yet visible field. But this is not the abstract sphere of geometry but a beautiful vital integrity. Because cosmos is only one, and there are constantly changes in it, therefore the source of this change is space itself. But what can cause change other than energy? Space is therefore a constantly changing majestic body, which, however, in all its changes preserves its harmony and beauty. Such a body can only be a living body. That is why it is natural for the Greeks to call the cosmos alive. This cosmic life is larger than the life we usually think of - the life of plants, animals, and humans. Because their lives are only possible as part of cosmic life. That's why cosmosis is perfect. It is a model for all things. If we want to be moral, we must emulate the natural harmony of the cosmos. We want to be beautiful, we must still emulate cosmic harmony.

The four elements

Since cosmos is a well-ordered world, it is knowledgeable, because we can find the elements that make up this cosmic order. The search for the elements (elements) is the task of the first Greek philosophers. Most philosophers use four elements - water, air, fire and earth - as building blocks for space. Their combination gives the complex macro-bodies that surround us - trees, stones, animals. For Thales, the elemental element is water, for Anaksimen - the air, for Heraclitus - the fire, and for Emdochel and Aristotle - the four elements are equivalent. To the four elements, Empedocles adds two forces, of Love and Enhance, which gather and divide the elements. Aristotle added to the elements several opposite qualities - "warm-cold", "dry-damp". By diluting or compressing, the elements pass through each other or connect to form the combinations of sensible bodies. The idea of the harmony of the elements is also the basis of Greek medicine. According to Hippocrates, a person is healthy when the four fluids of the human body (blood, reflux, yellow bile, and black bile) are in equilibrium. The body becomes ill when any of these fluids breaks the measure and is in short supply or in excess.