The history of technological development has always been a thing to be learned and remembered. Because long ago, there was no such thing as technological sophistication. Everything is gradual, starting from the most primitive to the sophisticated in the present.
Through the article History of Information Technology and Communications World Development, it is expected that readers can better know the history of technological developments from time to time starting from prehistoric times, historical mas, and up to this time.
Well, for more details please refer to the explanation below:
1. THE PERSONAL PROBLEM
a. Period (... .s / d 3000 BC)
In ancient times before humans became aware of the world of technology and information, technology and information today serve as a system for the recognition of familiar forms. All forms of information they get such as about hunting, hunting animals, etc. they are depicted on the walls of the cave. At that time, they began to make observations about their neighborhoods, then they depicted on the walls of the cave. This they do because their communication is limited to the form of voice and hand signals. Subsequent developments created a device that can produce sounds or sounds like a trumpet drum made from animal horns or smoke hints as a symbol or a sign of danger.
b. The 3000 BC
In ancient times, the Sumerians first used the writing with symbols formed from the pictograf as letters. These symbols or letters also have different sounds (mentioning), so they can be a word, a sentence and a language.
c. Historical Period (3000 BC to 1400 AD)
- 2900 BC The use of hierogliph letters in the ancient Egyptians.
Hierogliph is a symbol language in which every expression is represented by different symbols. When these symbols are combined into one sentence, it will have different pronunciation and meaning. This form of writing and heirogliph is more advanced than the Sumerian writings.
- 500 BC Papyrus fiber is used as paper.
At this time, around the Nile is overgrown by papyrus trees. Seeing these facts they did not waste this opportunity, From papyrus tree fibers, they then form this fiber into a paper that can serve as a medium for writing or information media more powerful and flexible than the clay plate previously used as a media information.
- 105 M The Chinese find paper.
The paper that the Chinese find is the paper we know today. This paper is made of bamboo fiber that is smoothed, filtered, washed, then flattened and dried. The invention also enables the printing system to be carried out using wooden blocks inscribed and smeared with ink or as we know it today with a cap system.
- MODERN MODERN (1400-AN MS / D NOW)
a. Year 1455
Johann Guntenberg first used a printing press to print iron-based letter plates that could be changed in wooden frames.
b. Year 1830
Augusta Lady Byron first wrote the world's first computer program in collaboration with Charles Babbage. To be able to realize this, they use their Analytical engine. The tool is designed to enter data, process data, and produce the form of output in a card. This machine is known as the first form of digital computer although it works more mechanically rather than digital, this machine appeared 94 years before the first digital computer ENIAC 1 was formed.
c. Year 1837
Samuel Morse developed the telegraph and Morse code language with Sir Wiliam Cook and Sir Charles Wheatstone that was sent electronically between two distant places via a cable connecting the two places. The sending and receiving of this information is capable of being sent and received at almost the same time. This discovery allows information to be widely accepted and used by the public without being impeded by distance and time.
d. Year 1861
Moving images projected onto a large screen were first used as the forerunner of the current film. In ancient times this projector developed with the title of tancap screen.
e. Year 1876
At this time characterized by Melvyl Dewey figure who developed the decimal writing system.
f. Year 1877
Alexander Graham Bell invented and developed the first used phone device in general.
Edward Maybridge invented Photography at high speed.
g. Year 1899
Using storage systems in the first magnetic tape (ribbon) but at this time the storage is still analog yet digital.
h. Year 1923
Zvorkyn at this time created the first TV tube.
i. Year 1940
The commencement of the development of science in the field of information during World War 2 which is used for the interest of sending and receiving military documents stored in the form of magnetic tape.
j. Year 1945
Vannevar Bush developed a coding system using hypertext. At this time the use of hypertext has evolved along with the development of website design.
k. Year 1946
At this time the world's first digital computer technology ENIAC I began to be developed although not so many users but computer technology has been used in certain agencies.
l. Year 1948
Researchers at Bell Telephone developed transistors.
m. Year 1957
Jean Hoerni developed a planar transistor. This technology can develop millions and even billions of transistors incorporated into a small piece of silicon crystals.
The USSR (Russia at the time) launched Sputnik as the first artificial Earth satellite to serve as a spy. In return the United States established the Advance Research Projects Agency (ARPA) under the authority of the US Department of Defense to develop science and information technology in defense or military fields.
n. Year 1972
At this time Ray Tomlinson created a first E-mail program that was used to communicate on long distances using text. Many e-mails are referred to as electronic mail.
o. Year 1973-1990
The term internet was introduced in a paper on TCP / IP and then developed a network protocol which became known as TCP / IP developed by the group from DARPA. In 1981 the National Science Foundation developed a Backbone called CSNET with a capacity of 56 Kbps for every institution in government. Then in 1986 IETF developed a server that serves as a coordination tool including: DDN, DARPA, ARPANET, and Internet Gateway.
p. 1991- Now
The IT business system first occurred when CERN overcame its operational costs to collect fees from its members. In 1992 the internet community was first formed, then introduced to the term World Wide Web (WWW) by CERN. In 1993, the NSF established interNIC in order to provide Internet services related to directory and data storage and database (by AT & T), registration services (by Network Solution Inc), and information services (by General Atomics / CERFnet). In 1994 the growth of the internet drove very fast and began to penetrate into all aspects of human life. In 1995, public companies began to be allowed to become providers by buying networks in Backbone.