Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis,is a condition
Frozen Shoulder is a common condition in which the shoulder stiffens,limiting mobility.
The term "frozen shoulder" is often used incorrectly for arthritis, but these two conditions are unrelated.
It is more likely to happen to people between age group of 40 to 60 years & it is more common in women than in men.It is more common than average in people who have diabetes and in some other conditions, including overactive thyroid disease.
It can effect one or both the shoulders.
A person with a frozen shoulder will have a persistently painful and stiff shoulder joint.
Signs and symptoms develop gradually.
Frozen Shoulder can be classified in the following three stages,as the symptons worsen in gradual manner but gets resolve within two years period with proper treatment
Freezing, or painful stage:- The shoulder becomes stiff and then very painful with movement. Movement becomes limited. Pain typically worsens at night.
Frozen, or adhesive stage:- The shoulder becomes increasingly stiff, severely limiting range of motion. Pain may not diminish, but it does not usually worsen.
Thawing stage:- Movement in the shoulder begins to improve. Pain may fade but occasionally recur.
Causes and risk factors
The shoulder is made up of three bones: The shoulder blade, the collarbone, and the upper arm bone, or humerus.
The shoulder has a ball-and-socket joint. The round head of the upper arm bone fits into this socket.
Connective tissue, known as the shoulder capsule, surrounds this joint. Synovial fluid enables the joint to move without friction.
Frozen shoulder is thought to happen when scar tissue forms in the shoulder. This causes the shoulder joint's capsule to thicken and tighten, leaving less room for movement. Movement may become stiff and painful.
The exact cause is not fully understood, and it cannot always be identified.
However, most people with frozen shoulder have experienced immobility as a result of a recent injury or fracture.
The condition is common in people with diabetes.
Diagnosis
Doctors will most likely diagnose frozen shoulder based on signs, symptoms, and a physical exam, paying close attention to the arms and shoulders.
The severity of frozen shoulder is determined by a basic test in which a doctor presses and moves certain parts of the arm and shoulder.
Structural problems can only be identified with the help of imaging tests, such as an X-ray or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
Treatment
There are several ways to relieve pain and alleviate the condition.
Painkillers: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, are available over the counter and may reduce inflammation and alleviate mild pain.
Acetaminophen (paracetamol, Tylenol) is recommended for extended use.
Prescription painkillers, such as codeine, an opiate-based painkiller, may reduce pain.
Not all painkillers are suitable for every patient, so it is important to review options with the doctor.
Hot or cold packs: These can help reduce pain and swelling. Alternating between the two may help.
Physical therapy: This can provide training in exercises to maintain as much mobility and flexibility as possible without straining the shoulder or causing too much pain.
The doctor will suggest a suitable option depending on the severity of signs and symptoms.
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