How to use three.js create scene, camera, renderer, axis, cube, plane, grid and light | 如何用three.js创建场景，相机，渲染器，座标轴，方块，平面，网格和灯光steemCreated with Sketch.

in utopian-io •  7 years ago  (edited)

Summary:

In this tutorial, I will show you how to create scene, camera, renderer, axis, cube, plane, grid and light. Let's start...

Result

图片.png

What Will I Learn?

  • html, css and javascript code structure
  • how to set canvas with css
  • how to rerfer to three.js library
  • how to create scene
  • how to create camera
  • how to create renderer
  • how to create axis
  • how to create color
  • how to create grid
  • how to create cube
  • how to create plane
  • how to create spot light
  • how to append renderer on canvas
  • how to render scene with camera

Requirements

  • source code editor, for example: vim, notepad++ etc.
  • A browser that support webgl, for example: Google Chrome 9+, Firefox 4+, Opera 15+, Safari 5.1+, Internet Explorer 11 and Microsoft Edge etc.
  • three.js library

Difficulty

  • Intermediate

Tutorial Contents

  • html, css and javascript code structure
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Three js Line</title>
        <style>
            body { margin: 0; }
            canvas { width: 100%; height: 100% }
        </style>
        <script src="../js/three.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>
  • how to set canvas with css
canvas { width: 100%; height: 100% }
  • how to rerfer to three.js library
<script src="../js/three.min.js"></script>
  • how to create scene
var scene = new THREE.Scene();
  • how to create camera
var camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight, .1, 500)
camera.position.set(40,40,40);
camera.lookAt(scene.position);
  • how to create renderer
var renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();
renderer.setClearColor(0xdddddd);
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMap;
  • how to create axis
var axis = new THREE.AxisHelper(10);
scene.add(axis);
  • how to create color
var color = new THREE.Color("rgb(255, 0, 0)");
  • how to create grid
var grid = new THREE.GridHelper(50,5,color,0x000000);
scene.add(grid);
  • how to create cube
var cubeGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(5,5,5);
var cubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0xff3300});
var cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeo,cubeMaterial);
cube.position.set(2.5,2.5,2.5);
cube.castShadow = true;
cube.receiveShadow = false;
scene.add(cube);
  • how to create plane
var planeGeo = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(30,30,30);
var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0x00ff00});
var plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeo,planeMaterial);
plane.rotation.x = -.5*Math.PI;
plane.receiveShadow = true;
scene.add(plane);
  • how to create spot light
var spotLight = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff);
spotLight.position.set(15,30,50);
spotLight.castShadow = true;
scene.add(spotLight);
  • how to append renderer on canvas
document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );
  • how to render scene with camera
renderer.render(scene,camera);
  • full source code
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Three js Line</title>
        <style>
            body { margin: 0; }
            canvas { width: 100%; height: 100% }
        </style>
        <script src="../js/three.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
<script>

threejs_axis_plane();
function threejs_axis_plane()
{
    // step1: how to create scene
    var scene = new THREE.Scene();
    
    // step2: how to create camera
    var camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight, .1, 500)
    camera.position.set(40,40,40);
    camera.lookAt(scene.position);
    
    // step3: how to create renderer
    var renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();
    renderer.setClearColor(0xdddddd);
    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
    renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
    renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMap;
    
    // step4: how to create axis
    var axis = new THREE.AxisHelper(10);
    scene.add(axis);
    
    // step5: how to create color
    var color = new THREE.Color("rgb(255, 0, 0)");
    
    // step6: how to create grid
    var grid = new THREE.GridHelper(50,5,color,0x000000);
    scene.add(grid);
    
    // step7: how to create cube
    var cubeGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(5,5,5);
    var cubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0xff3300});
    var cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeo,cubeMaterial);
    cube.position.set(2.5,2.5,2.5);
    cube.castShadow = true;
    cube.receiveShadow = false;
    scene.add(cube);
    
    // step8: how to create plane
    var planeGeo = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(30,30,30);
    var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0x00ff00});
    var plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeo,planeMaterial);
    plane.rotation.x = -.5*Math.PI;
    plane.receiveShadow = true;
    scene.add(plane);

    // step9: how to create spot light
    var spotLight = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff);
    spotLight.position.set(15,30,50);
    spotLight.castShadow = true;
    scene.add(spotLight);

    // step10: how to append renderer on canvas
    document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );
    
    // step11: how to render scene with camera
    renderer.render(scene,camera);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

The Chinese Version

可以学到什么?

  • html,css javascript代码整体结构
  • 怎么设置画布大小
  • 怎么引用three.js
  • 怎么创建场景
  • 怎么创建相机
  • 怎么创建渲染器
  • 怎么创建座标轴
  • 怎么创建颜色
  • 怎么创建网格
  • 怎么创建方块
  • 怎么创建平面
  • 怎么创建点光源
  • 怎么将渲染器添加到画布上
  • 怎么渲染场景

需要的准备条件

  • 代码编辑器，比如vim，notepad++等
  • 支持webgl的浏览器，比如Google Chrome 9+, Firefox 4+, Opera 15+, Safari 5.1+, Internet Explorer 11 and Microsoft Edge等
  • three.js库

难易程度

  • 中等

教程内容

  • html,css javascript代码整体结构

    用于创建3D场景的代码是javascript语句，放在<script>里面。下面将详细讲解关键代码。

<html>
    <head>
        <title>Three js Line</title>
        <style>
            body { margin: 0; }
            canvas { width: 100%; height: 100% }
        </style>
        <script src="../js/three.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>
  • 怎么设置画布大小
canvas { width: 100%; height: 100% }
  • 怎么引用three.js
<script src="../js/three.min.js"></script>
  • 怎么创建场景
var scene = new THREE.Scene();
  • 怎么创建相机
var camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight, .1, 500)
camera.position.set(40,40,40);
camera.lookAt(scene.position);
  • 怎么创建渲染器
var renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();
renderer.setClearColor(0xdddddd);
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMap;
  • 怎么创建座标轴
var axis = new THREE.AxisHelper(10);
scene.add(axis);
  • 怎么创建颜色
var color = new THREE.Color("rgb(255, 0, 0)");
  • 怎么创建网格
var grid = new THREE.GridHelper(50,5,color,0x000000);
scene.add(grid);
  • 怎么创建方块
var cubeGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(5,5,5);
var cubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0xff3300});
var cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeo,cubeMaterial);
cube.position.set(2.5,2.5,2.5);
cube.castShadow = true;
cube.receiveShadow = false;
scene.add(cube);
  • 怎么创建平面
var planeGeo = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(30,30,30);
var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0x00ff00});
var plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeo,planeMaterial);
plane.rotation.x = -.5*Math.PI;
plane.receiveShadow = true;
scene.add(plane);
  • 怎么创建点光源
var spotLight = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff);
spotLight.position.set(15,30,50);
spotLight.castShadow = true;
scene.add(spotLight);
  • 怎么将渲染器添加到画布上
document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );
  • 怎么渲染场景
renderer.render(scene,camera);
  • 完整的代码
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Three js Line</title>
        <style>
            body { margin: 0; }
            canvas { width: 100%; height: 100% }
        </style>
        <script src="../js/three.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
<script>

threejs_axis_plane();
function threejs_axis_plane()
{
    // step1: how to create scene
    var scene = new THREE.Scene();
    
    // step2: how to create camera
    var camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight, .1, 500)
    camera.position.set(40,40,40);
    camera.lookAt(scene.position);
    
    // step3: how to create renderer
    var renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();
    renderer.setClearColor(0xdddddd);
    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);
    renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
    renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMap;
    
    // step4: how to create axis
    var axis = new THREE.AxisHelper(10);
    scene.add(axis);
    
    // step5: how to create color
    var color = new THREE.Color("rgb(255, 0, 0)");
    
    // step6: how to create grid
    var grid = new THREE.GridHelper(50,5,color,0x000000);
    scene.add(grid);
    
    // step7: how to create cube
    var cubeGeo = new THREE.BoxGeometry(5,5,5);
    var cubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0xff3300});
    var cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeo,cubeMaterial);
    cube.position.set(2.5,2.5,2.5);
    cube.castShadow = true;
    cube.receiveShadow = false;
    scene.add(cube);
    
    // step8: how to create plane
    var planeGeo = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(30,30,30);
    var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0x00ff00});
    var plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeo,planeMaterial);
    plane.rotation.x = -.5*Math.PI;
    plane.receiveShadow = true;
    scene.add(plane);

    // step9: how to create spot light
    var spotLight = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff);
    spotLight.position.set(15,30,50);
    spotLight.castShadow = true;
    scene.add(spotLight);

    // step10: how to append renderer on canvas
    document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );
    
    // step11: how to render scene with camera
    renderer.render(scene,camera);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>


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