使用G2创建带文本的气泡图/How To Use G2 To Make Bubble Chart With Text

in utopian-io •  7 years ago  (edited)

Summary:

G2 is a set of graphically-based graphical syntax that is data-driven and highly user-friendly and extensible, allowing users to build a wide variety of interactive statistics without having to worry about detailed implementation details chart.
G2 是一套基于可视化编码的图形语法,以数据驱动,具有高度的易用性和扩展性,用户无需关注各种繁琐的实现细节,一条语句即可构建出各种各样的可交互的统计图表。

您将从这个教程中学到什么

  • 如何引入js文件
  • 如何定义数据
  • 如何引用数据
  • 如何定义坐标轴
  • 如定义提示框
  • 如何渲染图表

学习此教程的必备条件

教程难度

  • 简单

教程内容

演示效果
demo.gif

1. 知识点A - 如何引入js文件

<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/g2/3.0.4-beta.2/g2.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/data-set/0.8.3/data-set.min.js"></script>

使用内嵌script对js文件进行引入,用于后期图表使用。

2. 知识点B - 如何定义数据

  const data = [
    { x: 95, y: 95, z: 13.8, name: 'BE', country: 'Belgium' },
    { x: 86.5, y: 102.9, z: 14.7, name: 'DE', country: 'Germany' },
    { x: 80.8, y: 91.5, z: 15.8, name: 'FI', country: 'Finland' },
    { x: 80.4, y: 102.5, z: 12, name: 'NL', country: 'Netherlands' },
    { x: 80.3, y: 86.1, z: 11.8, name: 'SE', country: 'Sweden' },
    { x: 78.4, y: 70.1, z: 16.6, name: 'ES', country: 'Spain' },
    { x: 74.2, y: 68.5, z: 14.5, name: 'FR', country: 'France' },
    { x: 73.5, y: 83.1, z: 10, name: 'NO', country: 'Norway' },
    { x: 71, y: 93.2, z: 24.7, name: 'UK', country: 'United Kingdom' },
    { x: 69.2, y: 57.6, z: 10.4, name: 'IT', country: 'Italy' },
    { x: 68.6, y: 20, z: 16, name: 'RU', country: 'Russia' },
    { x: 65.5, y: 126.4, z: 35.3, name: 'US', country: 'United States' },
    { x: 65.4, y: 50.8, z: 28.5, name: 'HU', country: 'Hungary' },
    { x: 63.4, y: 51.8, z: 15.4, name: 'PT', country: 'Portugal' },
    { x: 64, y: 82.9, z: 31.3, name: 'NZ', country: 'New Zealand' },
  ];
  • data:使用数组形式定义数据。
  • name:用户气泡图标识。

3. 知识点C - 如何引用数据

  const chart = new G2.Chart({
    container: 'BubbleChart',
    forceFit: true,
    height: window.innerHeight,
    padding: [20, 20, 50, 80],
    plotBackground: {
      stroke: '#ccc',
      lineWidth: 1,
    }, 
  });
  chart.source(data, {
    x: {
      alias: 'Daily fat intake', 
      tickInterval: 5, 
      nice: false, 
      max: 96, 
      min: 62, 
    },
    y: {
      alias: 'Daily sugar intake',
      tickInterval: 50,
      nice: false,
      max: 165,
      min: 0,
    },
    z: {
      alias: 'Obesity(adults) %',
    },
  });
  • container:定于数据从BubbleChart数组取值。
  • forceFit: 定义图表的宽度自适应开关,默认为 false,设置为 true 时表示自动取 dom(实例容器)的宽度。
  • height: 定义图表高度。
  • plotBackground:图表绘图区域的边框和背景样式。
  • stroke:定义边颜色
  • lineWidth:定义边框粗细
  • source:定义为chart装载数据,返回chart对象。
  • alias:定义别名
  • tickInterval:自定义刻度间距
  • nice:不对最大最小值优化
  • max:自定义最大值
  • min:自定义最小值

4. 知识点D - 如何定义坐标轴

  chart.axis('x', {
    label: {
      formatter: function(val) {
        return val + ' gr';
      }
    },
    grid: {
      lineStyle: {
        stroke: '#d9d9d9',
        lineWidth: 1,
        lineDash: [2, 2],
      },
    }
  });
  chart.axis('y', {
    title: {
      offset: 64,
    },
    label: {
      formatter: function(val) {
        if (val > 0) {
          return val + ' gr';
        }
      }
    }
  });
  • formatter:格式化坐标轴显示文本。
  • stroke:定义边颜色
  • lineWidth:定义边框粗细

5. 知识点E - 如定义提示框

  chart.tooltip({
    title: 'country',
  });
  chart
    .point()
    .position('x*y')
    .color('#1890ff')
    .size('z', [ 10, 40 ])
    .label('name*country', {
      offset: 0, // 文本距离图形的距离
      textStyle: {
        fill: '#1890FF'
      },
    })
    .opacity(0.3)
    .shape('circle')
    .tooltip('x*y*z')
    .style({
      lineWidth: 1,
      stroke: '#1890ff'
    });
  • tooltip:图表的 tooltip 配置,G2 图表的 tooltip 使用 html 渲染。
  • point:创建点图图,返回一个 geom 对象。
  • color:定义颜色。
  • size:传入数字常量
  • opacity:将数据值映射到图形的透明度上的方法。

6. 知识点F - 如何渲染

  chart.guide().line({
    top: true,
    start: [65, 'min'],
    end: [65, 'max'],
    text: {
      content: 'Safe fat intake 65g/day',
      position: 'end',
      autoRotate: false,
      style: {
        textAlign: 'start'
      }
    },
  });
  chart.guide().line({
    top: true,
    start: ['min', 50],
    end: ['max', 50],
    text: {
      content: 'Safe sugar intake 50g/day',
      position: 'end',
      style: {
        textAlign: 'end'
      }
    },
  });
  chart.render();
  • guide:用于绘制图表的辅助元素,该方法的返回值不为 chart 对象,而是一个 guide 对应的控制类。
  • line:创建线图,返回一个 geom 对象。
  • start:辅助线起始位置,值为原始数据值,支持 callback
  • end:辅助线结束位置,值为原始数据值,支持 callback
  • content:显示文字
  • position:对齐方式
  • render:图表绘制的最后一步,用于将图表渲染至画布。

完整代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>带文本的气泡图</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="BubbleChart"></div>
<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/g2/3.0.4-beta.2/g2.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/data-set/0.8.3/data-set.min.js"></script>
<script>
  const data = [
    { x: 95, y: 95, z: 13.8, name: 'BE', country: 'Belgium' },
    { x: 86.5, y: 102.9, z: 14.7, name: 'DE', country: 'Germany' },
    { x: 80.8, y: 91.5, z: 15.8, name: 'FI', country: 'Finland' },
    { x: 80.4, y: 102.5, z: 12, name: 'NL', country: 'Netherlands' },
    { x: 80.3, y: 86.1, z: 11.8, name: 'SE', country: 'Sweden' },
    { x: 78.4, y: 70.1, z: 16.6, name: 'ES', country: 'Spain' },
    { x: 74.2, y: 68.5, z: 14.5, name: 'FR', country: 'France' },
    { x: 73.5, y: 83.1, z: 10, name: 'NO', country: 'Norway' },
    { x: 71, y: 93.2, z: 24.7, name: 'UK', country: 'United Kingdom' },
    { x: 69.2, y: 57.6, z: 10.4, name: 'IT', country: 'Italy' },
    { x: 68.6, y: 20, z: 16, name: 'RU', country: 'Russia' },
    { x: 65.5, y: 126.4, z: 35.3, name: 'US', country: 'United States' },
    { x: 65.4, y: 50.8, z: 28.5, name: 'HU', country: 'Hungary' },
    { x: 63.4, y: 51.8, z: 15.4, name: 'PT', country: 'Portugal' },
    { x: 64, y: 82.9, z: 31.3, name: 'NZ', country: 'New Zealand' },
  ];
  const chart = new G2.Chart({
    container: 'BubbleChart',
    forceFit: true,
    height: window.innerHeight,
    padding: [20, 20, 50, 80],
    plotBackground: {
      stroke: '#ccc',
      lineWidth: 1, 
    }, 
  });
  chart.source(data, {
    x: {
      alias: 'Daily fat intake',
      tickInterval: 5,
      nice: false, 
      max: 96,
      min: 62, 
    },
    y: {
      alias: 'Daily sugar intake',
      tickInterval: 50,
      nice: false,
      max: 165,
      min: 0,
    },
    z: {
      alias: 'Obesity(adults) %',
    },
  });
  chart.axis('x', {
    label: {
      formatter: function(val) {
        return val + ' gr'; 
      }
    },
    grid: {
      lineStyle: {
        stroke: '#d9d9d9',
        lineWidth: 1,
        lineDash: [2, 2],
      },
    }
  });
  chart.axis('y', {
    title: {
      offset: 64,
    },
    label: {
      formatter: function(val) {
        if (val > 0) {
          return val + ' gr';
        }
      }
    }
  });
  chart.legend(false);
  chart.tooltip({
    title: 'country',
  });
  chart
    .point()
    .position('x*y')
    .color('#1890ff')
    .size('z', [ 10, 40 ])
    .label('name*country', {
      offset: 0, // 文本距离图形的距离
      textStyle: {
        fill: '#1890FF'
      },
    })
    .opacity(0.3)
    .shape('circle')
    .tooltip('x*y*z')
    .style({
      lineWidth: 1,
      stroke: '#1890ff'
    });
  chart.guide().line({
    top: true,
    start: [65, 'min'],
    end: [65, 'max'],
    text: {
      content: 'Safe fat intake 65g/day',
      position: 'end',
      autoRotate: false,
      style: {
        textAlign: 'start'
      }
    },
  });
  chart.guide().line({
    top: true,
    start: ['min', 50],
    end: ['max', 50],
    text: {
      content: 'Safe sugar intake 50g/day',
      position: 'end',
      style: {
        textAlign: 'end'
      }
    },
  });
  chart.render();
</script>
</body>
</html>

最终效果
demo.gif

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Thank you for the contribution. It has been approved.

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[utopian-moderator]

The contribution cannot be approved because it does not follow the Utopian Rules.

It is taken from official examples. https://antv.alipay.com/zh-cn/g2/3.x/demo/other/bubble-text.html

You can contact us on Discord.
[utopian-moderator]