1.History as event
Events that have occurred in the past have become very important in the discussion of history. Through events, the science of history gets a picture of human life in the past. History as an event that has happened in the past resulted in us no longer possible to observe the event, which we can observe is history as a story, the study of history as the story of an event.
History as an event, meaning historical events are placed as facts, events, and realities that actually happened in the past. These past incidents can serve as a basis for knowing and reconstructing life in those times. From these events, it can be known because of the occurrence of an event. Regardless of the size of an event or events within the scope of human life, the science of history attempts to arrange the series of events that occurred within the scope of human life from the past until now, even predictions of events to come.
2.History as a story
All human creation is a testament to the living and dynamic human story. Talking about history as a story can not be separated from historical events that occurred in the past. History as a story is the work, inventiveness, and research of various experts who later wrote it. Writing that can be accounted for must be through a close interpretation of the truth of events that occurred. Meanwhile, to reconstruct the story of history must follow certain analytical methods and approaches.
In other words, history as a story is a revealing past event based on interpretation and interpretation that can be accounted for. Preparing historical accounts of a society, nation, and country is not easy because of the historical traces it leaves behind. Therefore, in its preparation requires a very observant and wise and verifikatif review that can be accounted for. In the preparation of history as a story, historians use the basis of traces left by history as events. Historical footprints that contain the life of a series of events or events within the sphere of human life are an important source in the writing of historical narratives.
- History as a science
History is said to be a science because it is a systematic past of knowledge of the past with a method of scientific study to get the truth about past events.
According to C.E. Berry, history is a science, no less and nothing more. According to York Powell, history is not just a beautiful, instructive, and engrossing story, but a branch of science. Therefore, as one branch of science must be proven scientifically by using methods and various scientific standards that can be accounted for.
The truth can be proven from the document that has been tested so that it can be trusted as a historical fact. History is regarded as the science because history has the requirements of science, among others there is the problem of being objects, there are methods, arranged systematically, using rational thinking, and truth is objective.
If you look at it, history as a science can fulfill it, because:
A. The study of history is the events of the past which are cause and effect;
B.tanya historical method that connects historical evidence;
C. Historical accounts are organized systematically and chronologically;
D.the truth of fact is derived from rationally generated source research and systematic criticism (judgment);
E.facts are subjective because each person sees the past in a different way. Truth only "belongs" to this event itself. But the truth of the fauna is also objective, meaning that truth must be acknowledged by intersubjectivity or recognized by many historians and the wider community.
4.History as art
Prominent figure of history as art is George Macauly Travelyan. He states that writing a story of historical events is not easy, because it requires imagination and art. Write history is art, philosophy, polemic, and can be as propaganda. The 19th century historian Comte, Spencer, and Mill mentions that scientific methods and attitudes of natural knowledge can be used to study history, without requiring any further modification. But according to Dithley, a modern philosopher, it is not true, because the nature of natural knowledge is always real and visible, so abstract history is not easy to analyze. Historically, therefore, is the knowledge of taste.
Dithley added that understanding in an imaginative way can make historical facts more lively and more meaningful. That is why, according to George Macauly Travelyan in writing the story of history must use a beautiful language, communicative, interesting, and easy to understand contents.
Thus, it takes art in the writing of history so as to create a historical event that can be studied in sequence, complete, interesting, and not boring. Therefore, a historian must be willing to become an art expert to relive the life story of the past, present, and future. Thus in addition to historical scientific elements also contain elements of art.
AND
Learn the history of many uses in present or future life. History can provide a picture and a guide for a nation to move from present life to the future. Every individual in every nation and country must have an awareness of the importance of history.
Historical consciousness is a dimension that contains the conceptions of time that cultured human beings have. Historical awareness reflected in the individual will be more useful if collective, because as a common expression of society to the existing situation, both political, economic, social, and culture that can build a sense of destiny as a member of the nation and state.
The experience possessed by a society in the past is an experience of historical and precious value to the nation today, for it will provide thoughtful and thoughtful action. Hence, history has important meaning for the life of nation and state.
1.Educational usefulness (giving lessons)
Studying history means learning from experiences that people have done, either in the present or in the past. Success in the past will provide experience in the present. Conversely, the mistakes of people in the past will be valuable lessons to watch out for in the present.
By studying history, one can discover the laws that govern human life, even by studying history we can do wisdom to face the future (remember learning history will be wise first). Therefore, learn from history because history can teach us what has been done before. Example: The success of the Majapahit Kingdom will teach people today to work hard, unite in one goal to achieve a just society of prosperity. In contrast, the civil war led to the weakness of the state that eventually brought down Majapahit (remember the Paregreg War in Majapahit).
2.The useful history of inspiration (inspiration to us)
The various historical stories that occur provide inspiration (inspiration). For example, Prince Diponegoro tried to fight with a guerrilla system against General De Kock's troops, and for five years he managed to ravage the Dutch. Similarly, the struggle of the people of Indonesia in the national movement that marked the birth of Budi Utomo inspire us to live creatively, unite, and always prioritize unity for the achievement of Indonesia's independence. The willingness to sacrifice for the sake of unity and selfless struggle has been shown by the leaders of the Indonesian national movement organization.
The Indonesian nation has entered the second national awakening trying to catch up in the era of globalization of science and technology, a time in which we must promote unity and patriotism to bring the nation of Indonesia into a better future from the present.
3.History can be useful as a recreational
History can provide pleasure and aesthetic sense because the writing of history is able to attract readers of recreation without moving from the place. We can witness past and far-reaching events. We seem to be walking around the distant lands and watching events that happened in the past,
For example, the construction of Hanging Gardens in Babylon or the Taj Mahal in Agra India. We can see the beauty and greatness of society at that time. So through this recreational purpose will encourage people to move forward and be more open, able to associate with anyone, enjoy science and technology, discipline, work hard, respect the law, innovative, productive, and willing to cooperate to achieve the ideals of the nation.
The recreation process of past events allows people to reflect. People who go forward will be more dynamic because it sees a bright future based on the experience of the past is beautiful and interesting.